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New insights into the mechanism of storage protein biosynthesis in wheat caryopsis under different nitrogen levels
Protoplasma ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s00709-020-01489-x
Xurun Yu 1 , Leilei Wang 1 , Liping Ran 2 , Xinyu Chen 1 , Jieyue Sheng 1 , Yang Yang 1 , Yunfei Wu 1 , Gang Chen 1 , Fei Xiong 1
Affiliation  

Effect of different nitrogen levels (0, 150, and 300 kg hm−2) at booting stage on storage protein biosynthesis and processing quality of wheat was investigated using microstructural and ultrastructural observation, RNA sequencing, and quality analysis in this study. The results showed that the storage protein genes encoding ω- and γ-gliadin and low molecular weight glutenin subunit were upregulated at N150, and the genes encoding α- or β-gliadin and avenin-like protein were upregulated at N300. Two nitrogen levels induced expression of some interesting regulating genes, such as USE1, STX1B_2_3, SEC23, SEC24, SEC61A, HSP A1_8, HSP20, and HSP90B/TRA1. These regulatory genes were enriched in the KEGG pathway protein export, SNARE interactions in vesicular transport, and protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum. The amount, morphology, and accumulation pattern of protein body in four different endosperm regions in developing caryopsis show different response to N150 and N300, of which N300 had greater influence than N150. N150 and N300 both enhanced the contents of protein components, endosperm fullness, grain hardness, and parameters of processing quality, with the latter showing a greater degree of influence. Contrary to the accumulation pattern of protein body, N300 reduced the ratio of the amount of starch granules to the area ratio of protein body to starch granule. Results suggested that the difference of different nitrogen levels affecting storage protein biosynthesis might be through affecting the expression of the encoding and regulating gene of storage protein.

中文翻译:

不同氮水平下小麦颖果贮藏蛋白生物合成机制的新见解

本研究通过微观结构和超微结构观察、RNA 测序和质量分析,研究了孕穗期不同氮水平(0、150 和 300 kg hm-2)对小麦贮藏蛋白生物合成和加工品质的影响。结果表明,编码ω-和γ-麦醇溶蛋白和低分子量麦谷蛋白亚基的贮藏蛋白基因在N150上调,编码α-或β-麦醇溶蛋白和avenin样蛋白的基因在N300上调。两种氮水平诱导了一些有趣的调节基因的表达,例如 USE1、STX1B_2_3、SEC23、SEC24、SEC61A、HSP A1_8、HSP20 和 HSP90B/TRA1。这些调控基因在 KEGG 通路蛋白质输出、囊泡运输中的 SNARE 相互作用和内质网中的蛋白质加工中富集。数量、形态、发育中的颖果四个不同胚乳区域蛋白体的积累规律和对N150和N300的反应不同,其中N300的影响大于N150。N150和N300均提高了蛋白质成分含量、胚乳丰满度、籽粒硬度和加工质量参数,后者影响程度更大。与蛋白体的积累模式相反,N300降低了淀粉颗粒量与蛋白体与淀粉颗粒面积比的比例。结果表明,不同氮水平影响贮藏蛋白生物合成的差异可能是通过影响贮藏蛋白编码调控基因的表达。
更新日期:2020-05-13
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