Severe or prolonged stress increases the risk for developing psychopathological disorders. An individual's perception of stress exposure varies greatly, as do its consequences. Numerous individuals demonstrate resilience to psychological stress. The mRNA and microRNA profiles of stress susceptibility and resilience to induced psychological stress in the amygdala remain to be elucidated. In this work, psychological stress was induced in an observer mouse by witnessing a similar individual under attack by an aggressor. After 5 days of psychological stress, the degree of fear memory and anxiety in mice was measured by a social interaction test and elevated plus-maze (EPM) test. mRNA and microRNA profiles were quantified by high-throughput sequencing in amygdala tissue harvested from Control, Susceptible and Resilient mice. In the amygdala of Susceptible versus Resilient mice, the upregulation of peptide, thyrotropin-releasing hormone, ECM receptors, glutamatergic synapse, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, long-term depression, PI3K-Akt, oxytocin, GnRH, HIF-1, estrogen, and calcium signaling pathways may be related to psychological stress-induced susceptibility, and their downregulation may be related to resilience. The downregulation of adrenergic synapse, adherens junction, Wnt, sphingolipid, B cell receptor, cAMP, Rap1, and Toll-like receptor signaling pathways may be related to psychological stress-induced susceptibility, and the upregulation may be related to resilience. Results by sequencing of mRNA and microRNA profiles are consistent, in which some are validated by qRT-PCR and dual-luciferase reporter assay. Susceptibility and resilience induced by psychological stresses are caused by the imbalanced regulation of different synapses and signaling pathways in the amygdala.

中文翻译：

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杏仁核中的 mRNA 和 microRNA 谱与小鼠对心理压力的易感性和恢复力有关。

严重或长期的压力会增加患精神疾病的风险。个人对压力暴露的看法差异很大，其后果也是如此。许多人表现出对心理压力的复原力。杏仁核中应激易感性和对诱发心理应激的恢复力的 mRNA 和 microRNA 谱仍有待阐明。在这项工作中，通过目睹一个相似的个体受到攻击者的攻击，在观察者小鼠中引起了心理压力。经过5天的心理压力，通过社交互动测试和高架十字迷宫（EPM）测试测量小鼠的恐惧记忆和焦虑程度。mRNA 和 microRNA 谱通过高通量测序在取自对照、易感和弹性小鼠的杏仁核组织中进行量化。在易感小鼠与弹性小鼠的杏仁核中，肽、促甲状腺激素释放激素、ECM 受体、谷氨酸能突触、细胞因子-细胞因子受体相互作用、长期抑制、PI3K-Akt、催产素、GnRH、HIF-1、雌激素、和钙信号通路可能与心理压力诱导的易感性有关，它们的下调可能与复原力有关。肾上腺素能突触、粘附连接、Wnt、鞘脂、B细胞受体、cAMP、Rap1和Toll样受体信号通路的下调可能与心理应激诱导的易感性有关，上调可能与复原力有关。mRNA 和 microRNA 谱测序的结果是一致的，其中一些通过 qRT-PCR 和双荧光素酶报告基因测定得到验证。