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Herbicides employed in sugarcane plantations have lethal and sublethal effects to larval Boana pardalis (Amphibia, Hylidae).
Ecotoxicology ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-13 , DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02226-z
Mariana F Moutinho 1 , Eduardo A de Almeida 2, 3 , Evaldo L G Espíndola 4 , Michiel A Daam 5 , Luis Schiesari 6
Affiliation  

The increasing demand for biofuels favored the expansion of sugarcane and, as a consequence, in the consumption of pesticides in Brazil. Amphibians are subject to pesticide exposure for occurring in or around sugarcane fields, and for breeding at the onset of the rainy season when pesticide consumption is common. We tested the hypothesis that herbicides used in sugarcane crops, although employed for weed control and manipulated at doses recommended by the manufacturers, can cause lethal and sublethal effects on amphibian larvae. Boana pardalis was exposed to glyphosate, ametryn, 2,4-D, metribuzin and acetochlor which account to up to 2/3 of the volume of herbicides employed in sugarcane production. High mortality was observed following prolonged exposure to ametryn (76%), acetochlor (68%) and glyphosate (15%); ametryn in addition significantly reduced activity rates and slowed developmental and growth rates. AChE activity was surprisingly stimulated by glyphosate, ametryn and 2,4-D, and GST activity by ametryn and acetochlor. Some of these sublethal effects, including the decrease in activity, growth and developmental rates, may have important consequences for individual performance for extending the larval period, and hence the risk of dessication, in the temporary and semi-permanent ponds where the species develops. Future studies should seek additional realism towards a risk analysis of the environmental contamination by herbicides through experiments manipulating not only active ingredients but also commercial formulations, as well as interactions among contaminants and other environmental stressors across the entire life cycle of native amphibian species.

中文翻译:

甘蔗种植园中使用的除草剂对幼虫Boana pardalis(两栖动物,Hylidae)具有致命和亚致死作用。

对生物燃料的需求增加,有利于甘蔗的扩大,因此,促进了巴西农药的消费。两栖动物容易在甘蔗田中或周围发生农药暴露,并在雨季开始时(通常是农药消费时)繁殖。我们测试了一种假设,即用于甘蔗作物的除草剂尽管用于杂草控制并按制造商建议的剂量操作,但可能对两栖类幼虫造成致命和半致命的影响。蟒蛇ana被暴露于草甘膦,ametricn,2,4-D,metribuzin和乙草胺,占甘蔗生产中除草剂体积的2/3。长期接触六氢萘啶(76%),乙草胺(68%)和草甘膦(15%)后观察到高死亡率。此外,ametricn大大降低了活性,并减慢了发育和生长速度。草甘膦,atricn和2,4-D令人惊讶地刺激了AChE活性,而atricn和乙草胺则刺激了GST活性。这些亚致死作用中的某些,包括活动,生长和发育速度的降低,可能对个体在延长幼体生长时期的临时和半永久性池塘中延长幼体期的性能产生重要影响,并因此而造成干燥的风险。未来的研究应寻求除草剂之外的真实性,方法是通过对除草剂的有效成分和商业制剂进行实验,从而对除草剂造成的环境污染进行风险分析,
更新日期:2020-05-13
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