This study evaluated the effectiveness of dietary Ziziphus mauritiana leaf powder (ZLP) to control Aeromonas hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia and reduce damage to vital immune organs. Four experimental groups were fed a diet supplemented with ZLP at concentrations of 0, 5, 10, and 20 g/kg (w/w) for 6 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, all groups were intraperitoneally injected with pathogenic A. hydrophila. It was found that Z. mauritiana significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated (lysozyme, interleukin 1 beta) and superoxide dismutase gene expressions as well as improved the activity of serum lysozyme and liver antioxidant enzymes. The fish that were fed a ZLP-supplemented diet also exhibited significantly higher survival rates after A. hydrophila challenge than those that were fed a ZLP-free diet (P < 0.05). Supplementation of 10 g/kg ZLP most effectively reduced the histopathological alterations caused by A. hydrophila challenge in the liver, spleen, kidney, and muscle of the fish. In conclusion, ZLP can be effective in controlling A. hydrophila infection in Nile tilapia (particularly at a concentration of 10 g/kg) through enhancement of its immune and antioxidant status.

中文翻译：

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尼罗罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）饮食中的Zipziphus mauritiana补充剂可改善对嗜水气单胞菌感染的免疫反应。

这项研究评估了膳食Zipziphus mauritiana叶粉（ZLP）对控制尼罗罗非鱼嗜水气单胞菌感染并减少对重要免疫器官的损害的有效性。向四个实验组喂食浓度为0、5、10和20 g / kg（w / w）的ZLP饮食6周。在喂养试验结束时，向所有组腹膜注射致病性嗜水链球菌。发现毛利氏梭菌显着（P <0.05）上调（溶菌酶，白介素1β）和超氧化物歧化酶基因表达，并改善了血清溶菌酶和肝脏抗氧化酶的活性。喂食ZLP的饮食的鱼也比不喂ZLP的饮食表现出更高的存活率（P <0.05）。补充10 g / kg ZLP可以最有效地减少鱼类，肝脏，脾脏，肾脏和肌肉中嗜水链球菌攻击引起的组织病理学改变。总之，ZLP可以通过增强其免疫和抗氧化状态来有效控制尼罗罗非鱼的嗜水曲霉感染（尤其是浓度为10 g / kg）。