ABSTRACT Alzheimer’s disease is characterised by progressive mental deterioration, related to ageing and senility. Thirty methanol and ethyl acetate extracts from 15 native New Zealand trees and bushes were produced and tested for the inhibition of three enzymes related to neurotransmission: acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and beta-secretase (BACE). In addition the IC50 for the antioxidant potential of the extracts was determined. Weinmannia racemosa and Kunzea ericoides were effective inhibitors of AChE-BChE and beta-secretase, respectively. The IC50 for W. racemosa extracts against AChE and BChE ranged between 8.09 μg/mL and 37.07 μg/mL. The ethyl acetate extract of Schefflera digitata was also an effective inhibitor of BChE (IC50 = 25.38 μg/mL). K. ericoides IC50 for beta-secretase were 29.05 μg/mL and 36.40 μg/ml. The highest radical scavenging activity (RSA) was detected in the methanol extract of Aristotelia serrata (IC50 = 2.34 μg/mL), followed by both extracts of Hebe stricta and W. racemosa, and last the methanol extracts of K. ericoides and Pomaderris kumeraho, which presented higher RSA than the reference antioxidant (IC50 <12.0 μg/mL). W. racemosa showed inhibitory activity against AChE and BChE enzymes and antioxidant activity, which suggests these extracts may have potential for application in patients suffering from Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.

中文翻译：

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从 15 种新西兰药用树木和灌木中提取的抗氧化剂提取物抑制对阿尔茨海默病很重要的酶

摘要阿尔茨海默病的特征是进行性精神衰退，与衰老和衰老有关。生产了来自 15 种新西兰本土树木和灌木的 30 种甲醇和乙酸乙酯提取物，并测试其对三种与神经传递相关的酶的抑制作用：乙酰胆碱酯酶 (AChE)、丁酰胆碱酯酶 (BChE) 和 β-分泌酶 (BACE)。此外，还测定了提取物抗氧化潜力的 IC50。Weinmannia Racemosa 和 Kunzea ericoides 分别是 AChE-BChE 和 β-分泌酶的有效抑制剂。W.racemosa 提取物对 AChE 和 BChE 的 IC50 范围在 8.09 μg/mL 和 37.07 μg/mL 之间。Schefflera digitata 的乙酸乙酯提取物也是 BChE 的有效抑制剂（IC50 = 25.38 μg/mL）。K. ericoides 对 β-分泌酶的 IC50 为 29.05 μg/mL 和 36.40 μg/ml。在锯齿草的甲醇提取物中检测到最高的自由基清除活性 (RSA) (IC50 = 2.34 μg/mL)，其次是严格的白桦和总状花序的提取物，最后是 K. ericoides 和 Pomaderris kumeraho 的甲醇提取物，其呈现出比参考抗氧化剂更高的 RSA（IC50 <12.0 μg/mL）。W. racemosa 显示出对 AChE 和 BChE 酶的抑制活性和抗氧化活性，这表明这些提取物可能有可能应用于患有阿尔茨海默病和其他痴呆症的患者。其呈现比参考抗氧化剂更高的 RSA（IC50 <12.0 μg/mL）。W. racemosa 显示出对 AChE 和 BChE 酶的抑制活性和抗氧化活性，这表明这些提取物可能有可能应用于患有阿尔茨海默病和其他痴呆症的患者。其呈现比参考抗氧化剂更高的 RSA（IC50 <12.0 μg/mL）。W. racemosa 显示出对 AChE 和 BChE 酶的抑制活性和抗氧化活性，这表明这些提取物可能有可能应用于患有阿尔茨海默病和其他痴呆症的患者。