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Improving fungicide-based management of Cercospora leaf spot in table beet in New York, USA
Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-27 , DOI: 10.1080/07060661.2019.1690048
Sarah J. Pethybridge 1 , Sandeep Sharma 1 , ZACHARIAH R. Hansen 2 , Niloofar Vaghefi 3 , Linda E. Hanson 4 , Julie R. Kikkert 5
Affiliation  

Abstract Cercospora leaf spot (CLS), caused by Cercospora beticola Sacc., is the dominant foliar disease affecting the profitability of table beet production in New York, USA. The disease is controlled primarily with fungicides, but sustainability is critically threatened by strobilurin resistance within the C. beticola population and a limited suite of alternatives. This study evaluated the temporal dynamics of strobilurin resistance within the C. beticola population over three years, and quantified sensitivity to selected demethylation inhibitors (DMIs; propiconazole and difenoconazole) and succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs; fluopyram, penthiopyrad, boscalid and benzovindiflupyr). Resistance to azoxystrobin (EC50 > 0.2 µg mL−1) was prevalent and detected in all fields sampled in 2015 and 2016, and six of 10 fields in 2017. Within fields, the incidence of azoxystrobin-resistant isolates ranged between 4.8% and 70%. No significant differences were detected in the frequency of azoxystrobin-resistant isolates within populations from fields with conventional and organic practices in 2016 and 2017. Reduced sensitivity to propiconazole and difenoconazole was detected in less than 1% of isolates. The EC50 values for the SDHIs were higher than the maximum concentrations (≥ 20 µg mL−1) evaluated. Two small-plot replicated field trials were also conducted over two years to evaluate alternatives to the commercial standards, propiconazole and azoxystrobin. Two applications of benzovindiflupyr + difenoconazole and pydiflumetofen + difenoconazole significantly reduced CLS severity and epidemic progress compared with plots that received propiconazole and non-treated controls.

中文翻译:

改进基于杀菌剂的美国纽约甜菜尾孢菌叶斑病管理

摘要 Cercospora 叶斑病 (CLS) 是由 Cercospora beticola Sacc. 引起的,是影响美国纽约甜菜生产盈利能力的主要叶面病害。该病害主要用杀菌剂控制,但 C. beticola 种群内的嗜球果伞素抗性和有限的替代品套件严重威胁了可持续性。本研究评估了三年内 C. beticola 种群内嗜球果伞素耐药性的时间动态,并量化了对选定的去甲基化抑制剂(DMIs;丙环唑和苯醚甲环唑)和琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制剂(SDHI;氟吡菌酰胺、吡噻菌胺、啶酰菌胺和苯并氟吡菌胺)的敏感性。在 2015 年和 2016 年采样的所有田地以及 2017 年 10 个田地中的 6 个田地中普遍检测到嘧菌酯(EC50 > 0.2 µg mL-1)耐药性。在田间,嘧菌酯耐药株的发生率介于 4.8% 和 70% 之间。2016 年和 2017 年,在传统和有机种植田的人群中,嘧菌酯耐药株的频率没有显着差异。在不到 1% 的分离株中检测到丙环唑和苯醚甲环唑的敏感性降低。SDHI 的 EC50 值高于评估的最大浓度(≥ 20 µg mL-1)。两年内还进行了两个小地块重复田间试验,以评估商业标准丙环唑和嘧菌酯的替代品。与接受丙环唑和未处理对照的地块相比,苯并氟吡菌酯 + 苯醚甲环唑和吡氟美芬 + 苯醚甲环唑的两次应用显着降低了 CLS 的严重程度和流行病进展。嘧菌酯耐药菌株的发生率介于 4.8% 和 70% 之间。2016 年和 2017 年,在传统和有机种植田的人群中,嘧菌酯耐药株的频率没有显着差异。在不到 1% 的分离株中检测到丙环唑和苯醚甲环唑的敏感性降低。SDHI 的 EC50 值高于评估的最大浓度(≥ 20 µg mL-1)。两年内还进行了两个小地块重复田间试验,以评估商业标准丙环唑和嘧菌酯的替代品。与接受丙环唑和未处理对照的地块相比,苯并氟吡菌酯 + 苯醚甲环唑和吡氟美芬 + 苯醚甲环唑的两次应用显着降低了 CLS 的严重程度和流行病进展。嘧菌酯耐药菌株的发生率介于 4.8% 和 70% 之间。2016 年和 2017 年,在传统和有机种植田的人群中,嘧菌酯耐药株的频率没有显着差异。在不到 1% 的分离株中检测到丙环唑和苯醚甲环唑的敏感性降低。SDHI 的 EC50 值高于评估的最大浓度(≥ 20 µg mL-1)。两年内还进行了两个小地块重复田间试验,以评估商业标准丙环唑和嘧菌酯的替代品。与接受丙环唑和未处理对照的地块相比,苯并氟吡菌酯 + 苯醚甲环唑和吡氟美芬 + 苯醚甲环唑的两次应用显着降低了 CLS 的严重程度和流行病进展。
更新日期:2019-11-27
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