ABSTRACT

The author analyses the use of prime meridians on selected Norwegian maps in the period 1770–1970. The aim is to show the progression from a time of multiple local prime meridians, through a period in which Sweden tried to impose cartographic unity on the two countries, to the decades after Norwegian political independence in 1905 and the establishment of the Greenwich longitudinal line as the prime meridian on Norwegian maps. Comparative methods were used to study both analogue and digitized versions of maps, as well as literature from the study period. Additionally, for some of the maps, the reasons for the choice of prime meridian were explored and the maps were considered in a political context. Relevant international circumstances included the cartographic controversy between France and Britain and the prime meridian of Philadelphia as a symbol of American independence. The results revealed that Norwegian prime meridians were used as a political instrument. The author concludes that Sweden did not succeed in its geopolitical ambition to unify Scandinavian cartography, and that the use of varying prime meridians on Norwegian maps was only gradually ended by national unity.

摘要

作者分析了在1770年至1970年期间在选定的挪威地图上使用本初子午线的情况。目的是显示从多个地方本初子午线时期到瑞典试图将两国制图统一到1905年挪威政治独立和格林威治纵轴建立后的几十年的演变过程。挪威地图上的本初子午线。比较方法用于研究地图的模拟版本和数字版本以及研究期间的文献。此外，对于某些地图，探讨了选择本初子午线的原因，并在政治背景下考虑了这些地图。相关的国际情况包括法国和英国之间的制图争议以及费城的本初子午线，这是美国独立的象征。结果表明，挪威本初子午线被用作政治工具。作者得出的结论是，瑞典并未成功地实现统一斯堪的纳维亚地图制图的地缘政治野心，并且在挪威地图上使用不同的本初子午线只是由国家统一逐步结束。