Abstract Campbell A, Kleinheinz G. 2020. Comparison of qPCR and traditional beach monitoring methods at select Great Lakes beaches and the impact on beach management. Lake Reserv Manage. 36:155–168. The US EPA has adopted numerous techniques for enumerating fecal indicator bacteria, each with advantages and disadvantages. Traditional methods require 18 to 24 h of incubation and do not provide results in time to adequately protect public health. New rapid quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) methods have emerged. Some initial studies of these rapid methods have shown them to correlate with results from culture-based methods, accurately predicting risk for gastrointestinal illness. However, there are few comparative studies that have been conducted in the Great Lakes at beaches that are not directly impacted by human fecal contributions. In this study, Enterococcus qPCR Method 1609 and Escherichia coli qPCR Method C were compared to the defined substrate methods Enterolert and Colilert, respectively, at 4 beaches on Lake Michigan. Results suggest that no one size fits all for these methods, and each beach behaves very differently depending on the microbiological method chosen. Additionally, we investigated the management impact of changing methods using current regulatory standards. If adopted as the regulatory method, qPCR Method 1609 would result in a minimum increase of beach exceedances (advisories and closures) of 17% and a maximum increase of 43%. Likewise, E. coli Method C has a minimum increase of beach exceedances of 27% and a maximum increase of 47%. This suggests that qPCR may be more protective of public health than current culture-based enumeration methods. The increases in beach closures may have significant ramifications in local communities. This study suggests that new qPCR methods may have a role in replacing current methods, but a site-specific evaluation should be conducted before they are adopted.

中文翻译：

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qPCR 和传统海滩监测方法在选定的五大湖海滩的比较以及对海滩管理的影响

摘要 Campbell A、Kleinheinz G. 2020。qPCR 和传统海滩监测方法在选定的五大湖海滩上的比较以及对海滩管理的影响。湖泊保护区管理。36:155–168。美国环保署采用了多种技术来枚举粪便指示菌，每种技术都有其优点和缺点。传统方法需要 18 到 24 小时的孵化，并且不能及时提供结果以充分保护公众健康。新的快速定量聚合酶链反应 (qPCR) 方法已经出现。对这些快速方法的一些初步研究表明，它们与基于培养的方法的结果相关，准确预测胃肠道疾病的风险。然而，在五大湖的海滩上进行的比较研究很少，这些研究不受人类粪便贡献的直接影响。在这项研究中，在密歇根湖的 4 个海滩上，肠球菌 qPCR 方法 1609 和大肠杆菌 qPCR 方法 C 分别与定义的底物方法 Enterolert 和 Colilert 进行了比较。结果表明，没有一种尺寸适合所有这些方法，而且每个海滩的表现都因所选择的微生物方法而异。此外，我们还使用当前监管标准调查了改变方法对管理的影响。如果采用作为监管方法，qPCR 方法 1609 将导致海滩超标（建议和关闭）最低增加 17%，最高增加 43%。同样，大肠杆菌方法 C 的海滩超标量最低增加了 27%，最高增加了 47%。这表明 qPCR 可能比当前基于文化的计数方法更能保护公众健康。海滩关闭的增加可能会对当地社区产生重大影响。这项研究表明，新的 qPCR 方法可能在取代现有方法方面发挥作用，但在采用之前应进行特定地点的评估。