ABSTRACT The reasons for the decline of bee diversity and abundance include the destruction and loss of natural habitats. Protected areas are created for biodiversity conservation, but these areas vary strongly in their level of vegetation disturbance. Using trap-nests, we assessed changes in solitary bee abundance, richness, and composition in areas ranging from naturally conserved to degraded. Solitary bees were sampled during an 18-month period in three areas of southeastern Brazil: a preserved area in Rio Preto State Park – PERP; a restored/altered area with exotic plants at the Federal University of the Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys – JK Campus; and a degraded area in Biribiri State Park – PEBi. A total of seven species of bees built 115 nests. In the degraded area, only two nests were built. Abundance of built nests was higher in the preserved area (PERP), but diversity was higher in the restored area (JK Campus). Our results show that the solitary bee population responds positively to habitat complexity (local scale). The presence of a diverse solitary bee fauna in the restored area indicates that altered areas should also be protected as suitable areas for re-colonization of cavity-nesting bees.

中文翻译：

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不同程度植被干扰地区的空巢蜂群落

摘要 蜜蜂多样性和丰度下降的原因包括自然栖息地的破坏和丧失。保护区是为保护生物多样性而创建的，但这些地区的植被干扰程度差异很大。使用陷阱巢，我们评估了从自然保护到退化的区域中单独蜜蜂的丰度、丰富度和组成的变化。在 18 个月的时间里，在巴西东南部的三个地区对独居蜜蜂进行了采样：里约普雷图州立公园的保护区 - PERP；Jequitinhonha 和 Mucuri 山谷联邦大学 - JK 校区的外来植物恢复/改建区域；和比里比里州立公园的退化区域——PEBi。七种蜜蜂共筑巢115个。在退化地区，只建了两个巢。保留区 (PERP) 的建造巢穴丰富度更高，但恢复区 (JK 校区) 的多样性更高。我们的结果表明，孤独的蜜蜂种群对栖息地的复杂性（局部尺度）有积极的反应。在恢复区域存在多样化的独居蜜蜂动物群表明，改变的区域也应作为适合腔巢蜜蜂重新定殖的区域受到保护。