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Bias and decision making – an overview systems explanation
Civil Engineering and Environmental Systems ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-19 , DOI: 10.1080/10286608.2020.1744133
David G. Carmichael 1
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT People are continuously making decisions, most of a minor nature, but also some of significance. Few people seem to enquire as to the basis of their decisions or as to why one decision is chosen over another, while in some cases people may not be fully cognisant of how decision making is happening. For any given situation, provided it is not over-constrained, everyone reaches a different decision. That is, any decision can be perceived to involve bias, simply because it is different to someone else's decision, with this difference being attributed to a range of bias sources. It is generally not possible to establish the actual bias sources in any given situation. Accordingly, this paper adopts an overview systems approach to explaining bias in contrast to conventional social science treatments of bias. Bias sources and decisions are linked through looking at the essential underlying components involved in decision making. Some elementary experiments demonstrate that, for a given situation, all people will arrive at different underlying components and hence different decisions, implying the presence of bias. The paper is original in offering a different perspective of bias and linking systems thinking with the literature on bias.

中文翻译:

偏见和决策——概述系统解释

摘要人们不断地做出决定,其中大部分是次要的,但也有一些重要的意义。似乎很少有人会询问他们决定的依据或为什么选择一个决定而不是另一个决定,而在某些情况下,人们可能并不完全了解决策是如何发生的。对于任何给定的情况,只要不是过度约束,每个人都会做出不同的决定。也就是说,任何决定都可以被视为涉及偏见,仅仅因为它与其他人的决定不同,这种差异归因于一系列偏见来源。在任何给定情况下,通常不可能建立实际的偏置源。因此,与传统的社会科学偏见处理方法相比,本文采用概述系统方法来解释偏见。偏见来源和决策通过查看决策中涉及的基本基础组件来联系起来。一些基本实验表明,对于给定的情况,所有人都会得出不同的基本组成部分,从而做出不同的决定,这意味着存在偏见。这篇论文是原创性的,它提供了偏见的不同视角,并将系统思维与偏见相关的文献联系起来。
更新日期:2020-03-19
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