ABSTRACT

Frequency of Internet use is usually emphasised, in systematic reviews and meta-analyses, as a risk factor in problematic Internet use (PIU). Likewise, studies that focus on the analysis of online activities associated to PIU offer confounding results, although they coincide in pointing out the relevance of motivations associated to online activities. The Internet Addiction Model (IAM) offers a comprehensive focus of the influence of Internet activity on PIU. Which differentiates between aspects inherent to the needs of individuals (push factors) associated with negative consequences, and aspects of the Internet that help satisfy such needs (pull factors). However, it is a conceptual model requiring empirical evidence. This study utilised a cross-generational sample (N = 575) of adolescent students and young adults in Spain. Considering the IAM, the objectives were to (a) verify the effect of the frequency of Internet use in multiple contexts on motivations – push factors – (b) verify the relationship between push factors and IPU, and (c) determine the moderating effect of social relation activities, online games, and antisocial entertainment – pull factors – . The data supported the relationship between push factors – escape, fantasy, and social interaction – and PIU, and revealed the complexity of moderating pull factors.

摘要

在系统评价和荟萃分析中，互联网使用频率通常被强调为有问题的互联网使用 (PIU) 的风险因素。同样，专注于分析与 PIU 相关的在线活动的研究提供了令人困惑的结果，尽管它们同时指出了与在线活动相关的动机的相关性。互联网成瘾模型 (IAM) 全面关注互联网活动对 PIU 的影响。它区分了与负面后果相关的个人需求的固有方面（推动因素），以及有助于满足此类需求的互联网方面（拉动因素）。然而，它是一个需要经验证据的概念模型。本研究利用跨代样本（N = 575) 的西班牙青少年学生和年轻人。考虑到 IAM，目标是 (a) 验证在多种情况下互联网使用频率对动机的影响 – 推动因素 – (b) 验证推动因素与 IPU 之间的关系，以及 (c) 确定社会关系活动、网络游戏和反社会娱乐——拉动因素——。数据支持推动因素——逃避、幻想和社交互动——与 PIU 之间的关系，并揭示了调节拉动因素的复杂性。