ABSTRACT Tea oil camellia (Camellia oleifera) is a perennial evergreen shrub or small tree. Enhancing oil content is an important breeding objective in this species. In this study, we (i) used the high-throughput RNA-seq to discovery SNP sites located in target genes involved in lipid biosynthesis, (ii) determined genetic relationship among 102 accessions based on SNP-seq data, and (iii) identify SNP loci associated with oil content. Results showed that 20 SNP markers of targeted genes were discovered based on RNA-seq data. The SNP-seq of 20 pairs of SNP primers across 102 accessions generated 644 SNPs. The phylogenetic tree was constructed based on these SNPs, which clearly presented genetic relationship among 102 accessions. The C. chekiangoleosa belonging to different sect. with other accessions is far from other accessions. Phylogenetic analysis showed the clustering of accessions into groups which was in good agreement with their taxonomic classification, and revealed the presence of different accessions with the same name and identical accessions but with a different name. Moreover, seven SNP locus associated with oil content were identified (p < 0.01). Our data discovered SNP sites of target genes involved in lipid biosynthesis, and provide scientific basic for germplasm collection and identification of tea oil camellia.

中文翻译：

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基于RNA-seq的油茶SNP发现及其在不同品种间含油量亲缘关系和位点鉴定中的应用

摘要 茶油茶（Camellia oleifera）是多年生常绿灌木或小乔木。提高含油量是该物种的重要育种目标。在本研究中，我们 (i) 使用高通量 RNA-seq 发现位于参与脂质生物合成的靶基因中的 S​​NP 位点，(ii) 基于 SNP-seq 数据确定 102 个种质之间的遗传关系，以及 (iii) 鉴定与油含量相关的 SNP 位点。结果表明，基于RNA-seq数据发现了20个靶基因的SNP标记。跨 102 个加入的 20 对 SNP 引物的 SNP-seq 产生了 644 个 SNP。基于这些SNP构建了系统发育树，清晰呈现了102个种质之间的亲缘关系。C. chekiangoleosa 属于不同的教派。与其他种质相去甚远。系统发育分析表明，种质聚类成组，这与其分类学分类非常一致，并揭示了具有相同名称的不同种质和不同名称的相同种质的存在。此外，鉴定了七个与油含量相关的 SNP 位点（p < 0.01）。我们的数据发现了参与脂质生物合成的靶基因的SNP位点，为茶油茶种质的收集和鉴定提供了科学依据。