We assess the positional accuracy of address-based geocoding of shooting incidents relative to the location recorded via acoustic gunshot detection technology. This provides a test of the accuracy of typical address-based geocoding methods used in crime analysis, as well as evidence for how much accuracy one gains when using sensors. Examining more than 1,000 shooting incidents in Wilmington, North Carolina, we find that the majority of address-based incidents are quite accurate, on average within 60 feet of the actual location (using a street centerline geocoder) or within 90 feet (using Google rooftop geocoding). Based on the incident narrative, however, we identify a subset of transcription errors in over 10 percent of the cases that increases the distance between the true shooting location and that geocoded using address data. This suggests that mechanisms to prevent human errors might be more frugal than those relying on sensors in geocoding shooting incidents.

中文翻译：

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测试基于地址的地理编码对枪击位置的空间精度

我们评估了基于地址的射击事件地理编码相对于通过声学枪击检测技术记录的位置的位置准确性。这提供了对犯罪分析中使用的典型基于地址的地理编码方法的准确性的测试，以及使用传感器获得多少准确性的证据。通过检查北卡罗来纳州威尔明顿的 1,000 多起枪击事件，我们发现大多数基于地址的事件都非常准确，平均在实际位置 60 英尺以内（使用街道中心线地理编码器）或 90 英尺以内（使用 Google 屋顶）地理编码）。然而，根据事件叙述，我们在超过 10% 的案例中发现了一部分转录错误，这些错误会增加真实拍摄地点与使用地址数据进行地理编码的地点之间的距离。