Abstract

This is the first study related to micropropagation and phytochemical analyses of Cleome dendroides, an endemic species of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, a biome affected by human activity. Among the classes of substances produced by the genus Cleome, the glucosinolates are used as chemotaxonomic markers. They have a wide structural diversity, which affords, for example, antineoplastic bioactivity. The micropropagation was established using explants from two sources: seedlings and in vitro plants. The morphogenic response was evaluated on Murashige-Skoog (MS) medium with different concentrations of benzyladenine (BA). Hypocotyl explants from seedlings and stem explants from in vitro plants showed higher capacity of shoot regeneration (56.3-100%). Shoot proliferation (75-100%) was maintained when hypocotyl explant-derived shoots and stem explant-derived shoots were subcultured three times a month. Hypocotyl explant-derived shoots maintained on MS + 2.0 mgL⁻¹ BA induced the highest shoot production along the subcultures. Shoots were elongated and rooted on growth regulator-free MS medium. Plantlet establishment was successful in the hardening medium composed of Plantmax® substrate, reaching 85%survival. The phytochemical studies indicated two glucosinolate derivatives, highlighting the presence of 5,6-dimethyltetrahydro-1,3-oxazine-2-thione, identified for the first time in plants. This work demonstrates an efficient method for in-vitro production of C. dendroides plants, which can be used as a source of glucosinolates.

摘要

这是第一项有关Cleome dendroides的微繁殖和植物化学分析的研究，Cleome dendroides是巴西大西洋森林的特有物种，是受人类活动影响的生物群落。在醉蝶草属产生的物质中，芥子油苷被用作化学分类标记。它们具有广泛的结构多样性，从而提供例如抗肿瘤生物活性。使用来自两个来源的外植体建立了微繁殖：幼苗和离体植物。在具有不同浓度的苄腺嘌呤（BA）的Murashige-Skoog（MS）培养基上评估了形态发生反应。来自幼苗的下胚轴外植体和来自体外的茎外植体植物表现出更高的芽再生能力（56.3-100％）。当下胚轴外植体衍生的芽和茎外植体衍生的芽每月传代培养3次时，可以维持芽增殖（75-100％）。维持在MS + 2.0 mgL ^-1 BA上的下胚轴外植体芽诱导了继代培养的最高芽生产。将枝条拉长并扎在无生长调节剂的MS培养基上。在由Plantmax®底物组成的硬化培养基中成功建立了小植株，存活率达到了85％。植物化学研究表明，有两种芥子油苷衍生物，突显出首次在植物中发现的5，6-二甲基四氢-1，3-恶嗪-2-硫酮的存在。这项工作证明了一种体外生产氟尿嘧啶的有效方法。C. dendroides植物，可用作芥子油苷的来源。