Abstract

We designed a series of semifield experiments and two types of nylon cages to evaluate the control efficacy of Spalangia endius Walker in the field and to verify the possibility of using S. endius for the control of Zeugodacus cucurbitae (Coquillett) pupae. More hosts were killed by S. endius at higher parasitoid–host ratios. The effectiveness of S. endius was highest at a parasitoid–host ratio of 1:10, which caused 50.33% and 33% mortality in enclosed and semiopen conditions, respectively. The adult parasitoids supplemented with honey solution or water survived to 7 or 5 days at most, respectively. S. endius showed a low control efficacy for Z. cucurbitae pupae in the field. However, combined with the natural mortality of pupae and the effects of other natural enemies, the mortality of Z. cucurbitae pupae exceeded 85%. Thus, S. endius may help control Z. cucurbitae pupae in the field, but other control strategies need to be applied to kill the pupae in the soil which S. endius cannot reach and to control any remaining adult Z. cucurbitae.

摘要

我们设计了一系列半田间试验和两种类型的尼龙网箱，以评估田间蟋蟀的防治效果，并验证使用S. endius控制葫芦科(Coquillett) 蛹的可能性。更多的寄主被S. endius以更高的寄生蜂 - 寄主比率杀死。S. endius的有效性在 1:10 的寄生蜂 - 宿主比时最高，在封闭和半开放条件下分别导致 50.33% 和 33% 的死亡率。补充蜂蜜溶液或水的成虫分别最多存活7或5天。S. endius对葫芦科植物的控制效果较低田间的蛹。但结合蛹的自然死亡率和其他天敌的影响，葫芦科蛹的死亡率超过85%。因此，S. endius可能有助于控制田间葫芦科的蛹，但需要应用其他控制策略来杀死S. endius无法到达的土壤中的蛹并控制任何剩余的成年葫芦科植物。