Abstract What does statistics have to offer science and society, in this age of massive data, machine learning algorithms, and multiple online sources of tools for data analysis? I recall a few situations where statistics made a real difference and reinforced the impact of our discipline on society. Sometimes the difference lay in the insightful analysis and inference enabled by ground-breaking methods in our field like hypothesis testing, likelihood ratios, Bayesian models, jackknife, and bootstrap. But perhaps more often, the impacts came from thoughtful analyses before data were collected, and the questions that arose after the statistical analysis. The impact of understanding the problem, designing the experiment and data collections, conducting the pilot surveys, and raising important questions, is substantial. Through sensible explorations following formal statistical procedures, statisticians have made contributions in many domains. In this presentation, I recall some examples which made a long-lasting impact. Some of them, like randomization in clinical trials, known and familiar to all, are so ingrained in our practice that the role of statistics has been forgotten. Others may be less familiar but nonetheless benefited greatly from the critical input of statisticians. All remind us that our field remains today not only relevant but critical to science and society.

中文翻译：

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加强统计对社会的影响

摘要 在这个海量数据、机器学习算法和多种在线数据分析工具来源的时代，统计学必须为科学和社会提供什么？我记得在一些情况下，统计产生了真正的影响，并加强了我们学科对社会的影响。有时，差异在于我们领域中的开创性方法（如假设检验、似然比、贝叶斯模型、折刀法和引导程序）所实现的富有洞察力的分析和推理。但也许更多时候，影响来自收集数据之前的深思熟虑的分析，以及统计分析之后出现的问题。理解问题、设计实验和数据收集、进行试点调查和提出重要问题的影响是巨大的。通过遵循正式统计程序的明智探索，统计学家在许多领域做出了贡献。在本次演讲中，我回忆了一些产生长期影响的例子。其中一些，如临床试验中的随机化，众所周知和熟悉，在我们的实践中根深蒂固，以至于统计学的作用已被遗忘。其他人可能不太熟悉，但仍然从统计学家的重要意见中受益匪浅。所有这些都提醒我们，我们的领域今天仍然不仅与科学和社会相关，而且至关重要。在我们的实践中根深蒂固，以至于人们忘记了统计的作用。其他人可能不太熟悉，但仍然从统计学家的重要意见中受益匪浅。所有这些都提醒我们，我们的领域今天仍然不仅与科学和社会相关，而且至关重要。在我们的实践中根深蒂固，以至于人们忘记了统计的作用。其他人可能不太熟悉，但仍然从统计学家的重要意见中受益匪浅。所有这些都提醒我们，我们的领域今天仍然不仅与科学和社会相关，而且至关重要。