Abstract

Quantifying the effect of Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control (CACC) on traffic mobility and vehicle fuel consumption has been a challenge because it requires a modeling framework that depicts the interactions among manually driven vehicles and CACC vehicles in the complex multilane traffic stream. This study adopted a state-of-the-art traffic flow modeling framework to explore the impacts of CACC on vehicle fuel efficiency in mixed traffic. The analyses at a freeway merge bottleneck indicated that the CACC string operation resulted in a maximum of 20% reduction in energy consumption compared to the human driver only case. At 100% market penetration, CACC equipped vehicles consume 50% less fuel than adaptive cruise control (ACC) vehicles without vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication and cooperation. This implied the importance of incorporating the V2V cooperation component into the automated speed control system. In addition, the CACC string operation could substantially improve freeway capacity without degrading the vehicle fuel efficiency. At 100% CACC market penetration, the capacity increased by 49% while the vehicle fuel consumption rate per vehicle mile traveled remained the same as the rate observed in the human driver only case. At lower CACC market penetrations, the vehicle fuel efficiency could be improved via using the dedicated CACC lane or implementing wireless connectivity on the manually driven vehicles. In the 40% CACC case, those strategies brought about 15% to 19% capacity increase without decreasing vehicle fuel efficiency. Those results highlighted the necessity of deploying CACC-specific operation strategies under lower CACC market penetrations.

摘要

量化协作自适应巡航控制 (CACC) 对交通机动性和车辆燃料消耗的影响一直是一个挑战，因为它需要一个建模框架来描述复杂多车道交通流中手动驾驶车辆和 CACC 车辆之间的相互作用。本研究采用最先进的交通流建模框架来探讨 CA​​CC 对混合交通中车辆燃油效率的影响。高速公路合并瓶颈的分析表明，与仅人类驾驶员的情况相比，CACC 串操作最多可减少 20% 的能源消耗。在 100% 的市场渗透率下，配备 CACC 的车辆比没有车辆对车辆 (V2V) 通信与合作的自适应巡航控制 (ACC) 车辆消耗的燃料少 50%。这意味着将 V2V 协作组件纳入自动速度控制系统的重要性。此外，CACC 串操作可以在不降低车辆燃油效率的情况下显着提高高速公路通行能力。在 100% 的 CACC 市场渗透率下，容量增加了 49%，而车辆每行驶英里的燃料消耗率与仅在人类驾驶员情况下观察到的比率保持不变。在 CACC 市场渗透率较低的情况下，可以通过使用专用 CACC 车道或在手动驾驶车辆上实施无线连接来提高车辆燃油效率。在 40% CACC 的情况下，这些策略在不降低车辆燃油效率的情况下带来了大约 15% 到 19% 的容量增加。