Abstract

Doxorubicin is still used as a first-line drug in current therapeutics for numerous types of malignant tumours (including lymphoma, transplantable leukaemia and solid tumour). Nevertheless, to overcome the serious side effects like cardiotoxicity and myelosuppression caused by effective doses of doxorubicin remains as a world-class puzzle. In recent years, the usage of biocompatible polymeric nanomaterials to form an intelligently sensitive carrier for the targeted release in tumour microenvironment has attracted wide attention. These different intelligent polymeric micelles (PMs) could change the pharmacokinetics process of drugs or respond in the special microenvironment of tumour site to maximise the efficacy and reduce the toxicity of doxorubicin in other tissues and organs. Several intelligent PMs have already been in the clinical research stage and planned for market. Therefore, related research remains active, and the latest nanotechnology approaches for doxorubicin delivery are always in the spotlight. Centring on the model drugs doxorubicin, this review summarised the mechanisms of PMs, classified the polymers used in the application of doxorubicin delivery and discussed some interesting and imaginative smart PMs in recent years.

摘要

阿霉素仍被用作当前治疗多种恶性肿瘤（包括淋巴瘤、可移植性白血病和实体瘤）的一线药物。然而，要克服有效剂量的阿霉素引起的严重副作用，如心脏毒性和骨髓抑制，仍然是一个世界级的难题。近年来，利用生物相容性高分子纳米材料形成智能敏感载体在肿瘤微环境中靶向释放引起了广泛关注。这些不同的智能聚合物胶束（PMs）可以改变药物的药代动力学过程或在肿瘤部位的特殊微环境中作出反应，以最大限度地发挥疗效，降低阿霉素在其他组织器官中的毒性。几款智能PM已经进入临床研究阶段并计划上市。因此，相关研究仍然活跃，用于阿霉素递送的最新纳米技术方法始终处于聚光灯下。本综述以模型药物阿霉素为中心，总结了PMs的作用机制，对阿霉素递送应用中使用的聚合物进行了分类，并讨论了近年来一些有趣且富有想象力的智能PMs。