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Assessment of invasive Gypsophila paniculata control methods in the northwest Michigan dunes
Invasive Plant Science and Management ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 , DOI: 10.1017/inp.2020.10 Emma K. Rice , Hailee Leimbach-Maus , Charlyn Partridge , James N. McNair
Invasive Plant Science and Management ( IF 1.1 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 , DOI: 10.1017/inp.2020.10 Emma K. Rice , Hailee Leimbach-Maus , Charlyn Partridge , James N. McNair
Baby’s breath (Gypsophila paniculata L.) is an invasive species in Michigan’s northern lower peninsula and is a problem in much of northern North America. It is of particular concern in coastal dune habitats of northwest Michigan, because the areas where it is most dense are also populated by several endemic and threatened species. Current removal methods include manual removal with a spade and directed spray-to-wet foliar application of glyphosate to individual plants using backpack sprayers. We assessed these methods by measuring G. paniculata density and presence–absence frequency before and after treatment using a point-intercept grid, establishing how type and timing of treatment within the growing season influences treatment efficacy and determining the proportion of plants that resprout after treatment. Our results show a consistent reduction in G. paniculata density after treatment with herbicide or manual removal (P < 0.001) but minimal impact on presence–absence frequency. These results indicate a need for quantitative data in the assessment of management efficacy to show a clearer picture of density reduction when extirpation is no longer a viable outcome of management. Through the assessment of treatment timing of manual removal and glyphosate treatments over time, we found no evidence that either treatment type was effective at reducing density when applied before plants flowered, but there was evidence that both treatments were effective when applied later in the growing season when plants were flowering. Resprouting of marked plants occurred in 14% of manually removed plants and 2% of herbicide-treated plants. Our results suggest that managers should treat G. paniculata infestations for consecutive years to remove regrowth and focus treatment during flowering for best control.
中文翻译:
密歇根州西北部沙丘侵入性满天星控制方法的评估
满天星 (满天星 L.) 是密歇根州北部下半岛的一种入侵物种,在北美北部的大部分地区都是一个问题。在密歇根州西北部的沿海沙丘栖息地尤其值得关注,因为它最密集的地区也居住着几种特有和受威胁的物种。目前的去除方法包括用铲子手动去除,以及使用背负式喷雾器将草甘膦直接喷洒到湿叶面上施用于单个植物。我们通过测量来评估这些方法G. paniculata 使用点截距网格处理前后的密度和存在-不存在频率,确定生长季节内处理的类型和时间如何影响处理效果,并确定处理后重新发芽的植物比例。我们的结果显示持续减少G. paniculata 除草剂处理或手动去除后的密度(P < 0.001),但对存在 - 不存在频率的影响最小。这些结果表明,当根除不再是可行的管理结果时,需要在评估管理效力时获得定量数据,以更清楚地显示密度降低的情况。通过对人工移除和草甘膦处理随时间推移的处理时间的评估,我们发现没有证据表明在植物开花前施用这两种处理类型在降低密度方面是有效的,但有证据表明两种处理在生长季节后期施用时都是有效的当植物开花时。14% 的人工移除植物和 2% 的除草剂处理植物出现标记植物的再发芽。我们的结果表明,管理者应该对待G. paniculata 连续几年的侵扰,以消除再生,并在开花期间集中处理以获得最佳控制。
更新日期:2020-04-06
中文翻译:
密歇根州西北部沙丘侵入性满天星控制方法的评估
满天星 (