The dehesa agroforestry system is classified as one of the most singular ecosystems in the European Union. In the southwest of the Iberian Peninsula, it spreads over an area of approximately 6.7 million hectares, contributing major environmental, cultural, aesthetic and economic value to the region. The main agricultural activity that is developed in this ecosystem is the extensive farming of cattle, sheep and Iberian pigs with low stocking density and few inputs. Sustainable management of these ecosystems' existing production farms is essential in order to secure their continuity, as they face a difficult situation on account of their low profitability. One of the strategies that could be employed to attain a sustainable situation is the proposition of an organic production model. In order to explore this option, a participatory research process has been proposed and developed in the Spanish region called Extremadura (Spain). The aim of this process is to investigate the potential of extensive farming systems in moving toward a sustainable organic production model, identifying the main barriers preventing livestock farmers from converting to the organic model and seeking specific improvement measures that would reduce such barriers. For that purpose, four focus group sessions were run with a total of 33 participating stakeholders. For the analysis of these focus groups, Atlas.ti qualitative software was used to categorize and quantify the main ideas proposed during the sessions. The findings revealed that the main barriers can be classified into three groups: barriers that are inherent to the production processes and the structure of the specific sector, barriers associated with administration and management issues and lastly, barriers relating to education and training of the various actors involved. We consider this paper may contribute to policy makers' decisions to focus on specific actions for improvement that are customized for the socio-economic and environmental conditions of the region.

中文翻译：

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了解障碍并探索 dehesa 农林业系统中有机畜牧业的可能性：有效诊断的多方方法

这德赫萨农林业系统被列为欧盟最单一的生态系统之一。它位于伊比利亚半岛的西南部，占地约 670 万公顷，为该地区贡献了重要的环境、文化、美学和经济价值。在这个生态系统中发展的主要农业活动是放养密度低和投入少的牛、羊和伊比利亚猪的粗放式养殖。这些生态系统现有生产农场的可持续管理对于确保其连续性至关重要，因为它们由于盈利能力低而面临困境。可用于实现可持续发展的策略之一是提出有机生产模式。为了探索这个选项，在西班牙埃斯特雷马杜拉（西班牙）地区提出并开发了一种参与式研究过程。该过程的目的是调查粗放式农业系统在转向可持续有机生产模式方面的潜力，确定阻碍畜牧业者转向有机模式的主要障碍，并寻求减少这些障碍的具体改进措施。为此，举办了四场焦点小组会议，共有 33 名利益相关者参与。对于这些焦点小组的分析，Atlas.ti 定性软件用于对会议期间提出的主要想法进行分类和量化。调查结果表明，主要障碍可分为三类：生产过程固有的障碍和特定部门的结构，与行政和管理问题有关的障碍，最后是与所涉各行为者的教育和培训有关的障碍。我们认为本文可能有助于政策制定者的决策，以专注于针对该地区的社会经济和环境条件量身定制的具体改进行动。