ABSTRACT Splitting of logs can be required for reasons of reducing their size to chipper infeed limits or to facilitate the drying performance of the material. Little is known about the factors determining the productivity of logwood splitting systems. This study investigated the factors determining the productivity of an excavator-mounted cone splitter during the splitting of large volume logs and serves as a starting point for a deeper investigation of splitting operations. In total, 111 logs with a volume of 1.56 ± 0.84 m3 were split into 7.1 ± 3.1 parts on average. Productivity was 24.0 ± 17.3 m3 PMH15 −1 and costs for splitting were 7.47 ± 4.15 € m−3. Log defects decreased splitting productivity by 31.8%. Actual splitting (59.2%) was the most time-consuming work element, followed by manipulation. Equally precise models for estimating time consumption, a detailed, work element/sub-element based and a global, cycle-level time consumption model, were developed. Variation of productivity across different volumes was low and scenario analysis revealed that reducing the number of parts per log was a feasible measure to increase productivity. By halving the number of parts per log, costs decreased by 30% to 40% for logs of 0.5 m3 to 3 m3 volume.

中文翻译：

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使用基于挖掘机的锥形分离器分割大型原木

摘要 由于将原木的尺寸减小到切片机进料限制或促进材料的干燥性能，可能需要对原木进行分割。关于决定原木劈裂系统生产率的因素知之甚少。本研究调查了在大体积原木劈裂过程中决定安装在挖掘机上的锥形劈裂机生产力的因素，并作为深入研究劈裂操作的起点。总共有 111 根体积为 1.56 ± 0.84 m3 的原木平均分成 7.1 ± 3.1 份。生产率为 24.0 ± 17.3 m3 PMH15 -1，拆分成本为 7.47 ± 4.15 € m-3。日志缺陷使分裂生产率降低了 31.8%。实际拆分 (59.2%) 是最耗时的工作元素，其次是操作。开发了用于估计时间消耗的同样精确的模型、基于工作元素/子元素的详细模型和全局、循环级别的时间消耗模型。不同卷之间的生产率差异很小，情景分析表明，减少每根原木的零件数量是提高生产率的可行措施。通过将每根原木的零件数量减半，0.5 立方米至 3 立方米体积的原木的成本降低了 30% 至 40%。