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New insights into the phylogeny of the dark-spored Myxomycetes (Amoebozoa: Conosa: Myxogastria: Fuscisporidia) and polyphyly of the genus Stemonitis
Systematics and Biodiversity ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-04-02 , DOI: 10.1080/14772000.2020.1733128
Daniel Strelow 1 , Myriam de Haan 2 , Michael Bonkowski 1, 2, 3 , Anna Maria Fiore-Donno 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

About a thousand described species of Myxomycetes, colloquially named slime moulds, are present in most terrestrial habitats. Molecular environmental sampling has revealed that a significant proportion of sequences could not be assigned to known species, with some specific groups showing a high hidden diversity. One such group included Stemonitis and allied genera, with only a few closely related reference sequences from known species and many distantly related sequences from environmental sampling. To improve the phylogeny and help define genera in this lineage, we provided nine new small-subunit ribosomal RNA gene sequences of Stemonitis and allied genera, along with microscopy observations. We showed that the genus Stemonitis is polyphyletic, clearly separated into two groups, with the main distinguishing feature being spore ornamentation. The first group included the type species Stemonitis fusca, and was characterized by reticulated spores, while the second contained species with warted spores (e.g. S. flavogenita and S. axifera) and many undetermined environmental sequences. In addition, we show that the related genera Stemonitopsis, Stemonaria and Symphytocarpus were polyphyletic and that their circumscription was based on inconsistent characteristics. Instead, representatives of these genera clustered into the two clades according to their spore ornamentation. Our study provides a first insight into the genetic diversity of Stemonitis and allied genera, and proposes spore ornamentation as an evolutionary informative feature to distinguish genera in this group.

中文翻译:

对暗孢子粘菌(变形虫:Conosa:Myxogastria:Fuscisporidia)和 Stemonitis 属多系的系统发育的新见解

大约一千种已描述的粘菌属(俗称粘菌)存在于大多数陆地栖息地中。分子环境采样表明,很大一部分序列无法分配给已知物种,某些特定群体显示出高度隐藏的多样性。其中一组包括 Stemonitis 和相关属,只有少数来自已知物种的密切相关的参考序列和来自环境采样的许多远相关的序列。为了改善系统发育并帮助定义该谱系中的属,我们提供了 Stemonitis 和相关属的九个新的小亚基核糖体 RNA 基因序列,以及显微镜观察。我们发现 Stemonitis 属是多系的,清楚地分为两组,主要区别特征是孢子纹饰。第一组包括类型物种 Stemonitis fusca,以网状孢子为特征,而第二组包含具有疣孢子的物种(例如 S. flavogenita 和 S. axifera)和许多未确定的环境序列。此外,我们表明相关属 Stemonitopsis、Stemonaria 和 Symphytocarpus 是多系的,它们的界限基于不一致的特征。相反,这些属的代表根据它们的孢子装饰聚集成两个进化枝。我们的研究首次提供了对 Stemonitis 和相关属的遗传多样性的见解,并提出孢子装饰作为区分该组属的进化信息特征。而第二个包含带疣孢子的物种(例如 S. flavogenita 和 S. axifera)和许多未确定的环境序列。此外,我们表明相关属 Stemonitopsis、Stemonaria 和 Symphytocarpus 是多系的,它们的界限基于不一致的特征。相反,这些属的代表根据它们的孢子装饰聚集成两个进化枝。我们的研究首次提供了对 Stemonitis 和相关属的遗传多样性的见解,并提出孢子装饰作为区分该组属的进化信息特征。而第二个包含带疣孢子的物种(例如 S. flavogenita 和 S. axifera)和许多未确定的环境序列。此外,我们表明相关属 Stemonitopsis、Stemonaria 和 Symphytocarpus 是多系的,它们的界限基于不一致的特征。相反,这些属的代表根据它们的孢子装饰聚集成两个进化枝。我们的研究首次提供了对 Stemonitis 和相关属的遗传多样性的见解,并提出孢子装饰作为区分该组属的进化信息特征。Stemonaria 和 Symphytocarpus 是多系的,它们的界限基于不一致的特征。相反,这些属的代表根据它们的孢子装饰聚集成两个进化枝。我们的研究首次提供了对 Stemonitis 和相关属的遗传多样性的见解,并提出孢子装饰作为区分该组属的进化信息特征。Stemonaria 和 Symphytocarpus 是多系的,它们的界限基于不一致的特征。相反,这些属的代表根据它们的孢子装饰聚集成两个进化枝。我们的研究首次提供了对 Stemonitis 和相关属的遗传多样性的见解,并提出孢子装饰作为区分该组属的进化信息特征。
更新日期:2020-04-02
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