This study examines the relative effects of distance-dependent versus localized amenities in changing urban spatial structure of residential location values within urban areas. We also investigate the spatio-temporal patterns of neighborhood value, which is the sum of distance-dependent and localized amenity effects, at a local community scale. We use a hedonic housing price model that controls for residential property characteristics to distinguish the effects of distance-dependent and localized amenities that manifest in housing prices. We also utilize kriging and spatial statistics to examine the relative contributions of these effects to increasing spatial polarization between high-valued versus low-valued neighborhood locations. We conduct this analysis using a georeferenced housing transactions database containing almost 480,000 parcel-level home sales during the period 2000–2015 within the urbanized area of Columbus, Ohio, USA, a highly segregated city. Results demonstrate the dominant and major role of localized amenity effects in shaping the polarized urban spatial structure of housing prices and neighborhood value. Quantitatively, we find a tripling of the Moran's I values of the neighborhood value, meaning deepening, and worsening divide between high-valued versus low-valued residential locations.

中文翻译：

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距离相关的设施与局部设施在极化的城市空间结构中的作用：2000-2015年俄亥俄州哥伦布市住宅区位值的时空分析

这项研究检验了距离依赖型设施与局部性设施在改变市区内居民区位值的城市空间结构中的相对影响。我们还研究了邻里价值的时空格局，这是在本地社区范围内与距离相关的和局部的舒适性影响的总和。我们使用享乐房价模型来控制住宅物业的特征，以区分房价中体现的距离相关和局部设施的影响。我们还利用克里金法和空间统计数据来检验这些影响对高价值和低价值邻里位置之间的空间极化增加的相对贡献。我们使用地理参考房屋交易数据库进行此分析，该数据库包含高度隔离的城市美国俄亥俄州哥伦布的城市化区域在2000-2015年期间的近480,000个包裹级别的房屋销售。结果表明，局部便利设施效应在塑造两极化的住房价格和邻里价值的城市空间结构中起着主要作用。从数量上看，我们发现邻域值的Moran I值增加了三倍，这意味着高价值住宅区和低价值住宅区之间的鸿沟不断加深，并且在恶化。