Relying on the application of the artificial freezing method on subway tunnel construction, a series of triaxial creep tests were carried out to study the creep behavior changes of Shanghai soft clay subjected to artificial freeze–thaw action. On this basis, MIP tests were conducted with the soil samples before and after creep for comparison to investigate the microstructure changes. The results indicate that freeze–thawed soil produces smaller creep deformation and instantaneous deformation than the unfrozen soil. On a micro-level, during the creep process, the soil skeleton reaches a new structure balance with smaller pore volume and pore area. But the diameter of the maximum pore increases. The change rate of total intrusion volume is a pivotal micro-parameter to evaluate creep strain as there is a good linear relationship between them.

中文翻译：

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从多角度看软黏土在人工冻融作用下的蠕变特性

依靠人工冻结法在地铁隧道施工中的应用，进行了一系列的三轴蠕变试验，研究了上海软黏土在人工冻融作用下的蠕变行为变化。在此基础上，对蠕变前后的土壤样品进行了MIP测试，以比较微观结构的变化。结果表明，冻融土壤比未冻融土壤产生较小的蠕变变形和瞬时变形。在微观层面上，在蠕变过程中，土壤骨架达到了新的结构平衡，孔隙体积和孔隙面积较小。但是最大孔的直径增加。总侵入体积的变化率是评估蠕变应变的关键微参数，因为它们之间存在良好的线性关系。