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Transgenerational epigenetic effects from male exposure to endocrine-disrupting compounds: a systematic review on research in mammals.
Clinical Epigenetics ( IF 5.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-12 , DOI: 10.1186/s13148-020-00845-1
Olivia Van Cauwenbergh 1 , Alessandra Di Serafino 1, 2 , Jan Tytgat 3 , Adelheid Soubry 1
Affiliation  

Assessing long-term health effects from a potentially harmful environment is challenging. Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) have become omnipresent in our environment. Individuals may or may not experience clinical health issues from being exposed to the increasing environmental pollution in daily life, but an issue of high concern is that also the non-exposed progeny may encounter consequences of these ancestral exposures. Progress in understanding epigenetic mechanisms opens new perspectives to estimate the risk of man-made EDCs. However, the field of epigenetic toxicology is new and its application in public health or in the understanding of disease etiology is almost non-existent, especially if it concerns future generations. In this review, we investigate the literature on transgenerational inheritance of diseases, published in the past 10 years. We question whether persistent epigenetic changes occur in the male germ line after exposure to synthesized EDCs. Our systematic search led to an inclusion of 43 articles, exploring the effects of commonly used synthetic EDCs, such as plasticizers (phthalates and bisphenol A), pesticides (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, atrazine, vinclozin, methoxychlor), dioxins, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, such as benzo(a)pyrene). Most studies found transgenerational epigenetic effects, often linked to puberty- or adult-onset diseases, such as testicular or prostate abnormalities, metabolic disorders, behavioral anomalies, and tumor development. The affected epigenetic mechanisms included changes in DNA methylation patterns, transcriptome, and expression of DNA methyltransferases. Studies involved experiments in animal models and none were based on human data. In the future, human studies are needed to confirm animal findings. If not transgenerational, at least intergenerational human studies and studies on EDC-induced epigenetic effects on germ cells could help to understand early processes of inheritance. Next, toxicity tests of new chemicals need a more comprehensive approach before they are introduced on the market. We further point to the relevance of epigenetic toxicity tests in regard to public health of the current population but also of future generations. Finally, this review sheds a light on how the interplay of genetics and epigenetics may explain the current knowledge gap on transgenerational inheritance.

中文翻译:

男性暴露于内分泌干扰化合物的跨代表观遗传效应:对哺乳动物研究的系统评价。

评估潜在有害环境对健康的长期影响具有挑战性。内分泌干​​扰化合物 (EDC) 在我们的环境中无处不在。个人可能会或可能不会因暴露于日常生活中日益严重的环境污染而出现临床健康问题,但一个高度关注的问题是未暴露的后代也可能会遇到这些祖先暴露的后果。了解表观遗传机制的进展为估计人造 EDC 的风险开辟了新的视角。然而,表观遗传毒理学领域是新的,它在公共卫生或疾病病因学方面的应用几乎不存在,特别是如果它涉及后代。在这篇综述中,我们调查了有关疾病跨代遗传的文献,近10年发表。我们质疑在暴露于合成的 EDC 后,雄性种系是否会发生持续的表观遗传变化。我们的系统搜索导致收录了 43 篇文章,探讨了常用合成 EDC 的影响,例如增塑剂(邻苯二甲酸盐和双酚 A)、杀虫剂(二氯二苯三氯乙烷、莠去津、长春花碱、甲氧氯)、二恶英和多环芳烃 (PAHs,如苯并(a)芘)。大多数研究发现了跨代表观遗传效应,通常与青春期或成人发病的疾病有关,例如睾丸或前列腺异常、代谢紊乱、行为异常和肿瘤发展。受影响的表观遗传机制包括 DNA 甲基化模式、转录组和 DNA 甲基转移酶表达的变化。研究涉及动物模型实验,没有一项基于人类数据。未来,需要人类研究来证实动物的发现。如果不是跨代的,至少跨代人类研究和 EDC 对生殖细胞诱导的表观遗传效应的研究可能有助于了解遗传的早期过程。其次,新化学品的毒性测试需要更全面的方法才能投放市场。我们进一步指出表观遗传毒性测试与当前人群以及后代的公共卫生的相关性。最后,这篇综述阐明了遗传学和表观遗传学的相互作用如何解释当前关于跨代遗传的知识差距。需要人类研究来证实动物的发现。如果不是跨代的,至少跨代人类研究和 EDC 对生殖细胞诱导的表观遗传效应的研究可能有助于了解遗传的早期过程。其次,新化学品的毒性测试需要更全面的方法才能投放市场。我们进一步指出表观遗传毒性测试与当前人群以及后代的公共卫生的相关性。最后,这篇综述阐明了遗传学和表观遗传学的相互作用如何解释当前关于跨代遗传的知识差距。需要人类研究来证实动物的发现。如果不是跨代的,至少跨代人类研究和 EDC 对生殖细胞诱导的表观遗传效应的研究可能有助于了解遗传的早期过程。其次,新化学品的毒性测试需要更全面的方法才能投放市场。我们进一步指出表观遗传毒性测试与当前人群以及后代的公共卫生的相关性。最后,这篇综述阐明了遗传学和表观遗传学的相互作用如何解释当前关于跨代遗传的知识差距。在新化学品投放市场之前,需要对其进行更全面的毒性测试。我们进一步指出表观遗传毒性测试与当前人群以及后代的公共卫生的相关性。最后,这篇综述阐明了遗传学和表观遗传学的相互作用如何解释当前关于跨代遗传的知识差距。在新化学品投放市场之前,需要对其进行更全面的毒性测试。我们进一步指出表观遗传毒性测试与当前人群以及后代的公共卫生的相关性。最后,这篇综述阐明了遗传学和表观遗传学的相互作用如何解释当前关于跨代遗传的知识差距。
更新日期:2020-05-12
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