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Safety and efficacy of delayed-release dimethyl fumarate in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: 9 years' follow-up of DEFINE, CONFIRM, and ENDORSE.
Therapeutic Advances in Neurological Disorders ( IF 5.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-12 , DOI: 10.1177/1756286420915005
Ralf Gold 1 , Douglas L Arnold 2 , Amit Bar-Or 3 , Robert J Fox 4 , Ludwig Kappos 5 , Chongshu Chen 6 , Becky Parks 6 , Catherine Miller 7
Affiliation  

Introduction We report safety and efficacy in patients treated with dimethyl fumarate (DMF) for ~9 years in ENDORSE. Lymphocyte analysis data are also reported. Methods Incidence of serious adverse events (SAEs), discontinuations due to adverse events (AEs), annualized relapse rate (ARR) and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score were assessed. Patients were treated with DMF 240 mg twice daily (BID): placebo (PBO)/DMF (PBO for years 0-2 /DMF for years 3-9) or continuous (DMF/DMF) treatment; newly diagnosed patients were included. Annual magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was evaluated in patients from the MRI cohort of DEFINE/CONFIRM. For the lymphocyte analysis, data from first DMF exposure were analyzed. Results Of 2079 DEFINE/CONFIRM completers, 1736 enrolled and received ⩾1 dose of DMF. The MRI cohort included 530 patients. In the overall population, 527 (30%) patients experienced SAEs; most were fall and urinary tract infection. Over 9 years on DMF treatment, adjusted ARR remained low (⩽0.20). In patients treated with PBO in years 0-2, decreased ARR was apparent as early as year 3. Of DMF/DMF and PBO/DMF patients, 73% and 74%, respectively, had no 24-week confirmed disability progression. Most patients (~70%) had no new T1 or new/newly enlarging T2 lesions compared with previous MRI scans after 7 years treatment with DMF; the annual number of new T1 hypointense lesions and new/newly enlarging T2 hyperintense lesions were 0.6-0.8 and 0.9-2.0, respectively. Mean percentage brain volume change from ENDORSE baseline (6 years treatment in ENDORSE) was -1.32% (range -1.60% to -1.05%). Of the 2513 patients with lymphocyte assessments, 2470 had ⩾1 post-baseline measurement, 53 developed severe prolonged lymphopenia and were followed for up to 11 years; incidence of serious infection was not higher than in patients with absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) always ⩾ lower limit of normal (LLN). In patients with lymphopenia while on DMF and ALC < 0.91 × 109/L at discontinuation (n = 138), median time to ALC ⩾ LLN was 7 weeks post-discontinuation. Conclusions Sustained safety and efficacy of DMF was observed in patients continuing on treatment for up to 11 years, supporting DMF as a long-term treatment option for patients with RRMS. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov identifiers, NCT00835770 (ENDORSE); NCT00420212 (DEFINE); NCT00451451 (CONFIRM).

中文翻译:

延迟释放富马酸二甲酯在复发缓解型多发性硬化症患者中的安全性和有效性:DEFINE、CONFIRM 和 ENDORSE 的 9 年随访。

简介 我们报告了在 ENDORSE 中接受富马酸二甲酯 (DMF) 治疗约 9 年的患者的安全性和有效性。还报告了淋巴细胞分析数据。方法评估严重不良事件(SAEs)的发生率、因不良事件导致的停药(AEs)、年化复发率(ARR)和扩展残疾状态量表(EDSS)评分。患者接受 DMF 240 mg 每日两次 (BID) 治疗:安慰剂 (PBO)/DMF (PBO 0-2 年/DMF 3-9 年) 或连续 (DMF/DMF) 治疗;包括新诊断的患者。对来自 DEFINE/CONFIRM 的 MRI 队列的患者进行年度磁共振成像 (MRI) 评估。对于淋巴细胞分析,分析了来自第一次 DMF 暴露的数据。结果 在 2079 名 DEFINE/CONFIRM 完成者中,1736 名注册并接受了 1 剂 DMF。MRI 队列包括 530 名患者。在总体人群中,527 名(30%)患者经历了 SAE;大多数是跌倒和尿路感染。DMF 治疗超过 9 年,调整后的 ARR 仍然很低(0.20)。在第 0-2 年接受 PBO 治疗的患者中,ARR 早在第 3 年就明显下降。在 DMF/DMF 和 PBO/DMF 患者中,分别有 73% 和 74% 的患者在 24 周内没有确认残疾进展。与之前的 MRI 扫描相比,大多数患者 (~70%) 在用 DMF 治疗 7 年后没有新的 T1 或新/新扩大的 T2 病变;年新发T1低信号病灶和新/新扩大T2高信号病灶数分别为0.6-0.8和0.9-2.0。与 ENDORSE 基线相比(ENDORSE 治疗 6 年)的平均脑容量变化百分比为 -1.32%(范围 -1.60% 至 -1.05%)。在接受淋巴细胞评估的 2513 名患者中,2470 名进行了 1 基线后测量,53 人出现严重的长期淋巴细胞减少症,并被随访长达 11 年;严重感染的发生率始终不高于患者的绝对淋巴细胞计数(ALC)⩾正常下限(LLN)。在 DMF 和 ALC < 0.91 × 109/L 的停药时淋巴细胞减少患者(n = 138)中,达到 ALC ⩾ LLN 的中位时间为停药后 7 周。结论 在持续治疗长达 11 年的患者中观察到 DMF 的持续安全性和有效性,支持 DMF 作为 RRMS 患者的长期治疗选择。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符,NCT00835770(ENDORSE);NCT00420212(定义);NCT00451451(确认)。严重感染的发生率始终不高于患者的绝对淋巴细胞计数(ALC)⩾正常下限(LLN)。在 DMF 和 ALC < 0.91 × 109/L 的停药时淋巴细胞减少患者(n = 138)中,达到 ALC ⩾ LLN 的中位时间为停药后 7 周。结论 在持续治疗长达 11 年的患者中观察到 DMF 的持续安全性和有效性,支持 DMF 作为 RRMS 患者的长期治疗选择。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符,NCT00835770(ENDORSE);NCT00420212(定义);NCT00451451(确认)。严重感染的发生率始终不高于患者的绝对淋巴细胞计数(ALC)⩾正常下限(LLN)。在 DMF 和 ALC < 0.91 × 109/L 的停药时淋巴细胞减少患者(n = 138)中,达到 ALC ⩾ LLN 的中位时间为停药后 7 周。结论 在持续治疗长达 11 年的患者中观察到 DMF 的持续安全性和有效性,支持 DMF 作为 RRMS 患者的长期治疗选择。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符,NCT00835770(ENDORSE);NCT00420212(定义);NCT00451451(确认)。结论 在持续治疗长达 11 年的患者中观察到 DMF 的持续安全性和有效性,支持 DMF 作为 RRMS 患者的长期治疗选择。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符,NCT00835770(ENDORSE);NCT00420212(定义);NCT00451451(确认)。结论 在持续治疗长达 11 年的患者中观察到 DMF 的持续安全性和有效性,支持 DMF 作为 RRMS 患者的长期治疗选择。试验注册 ClinicalTrials.gov 标识符,NCT00835770(ENDORSE);NCT00420212(定义);NCT00451451(确认)。
更新日期:2020-05-12
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