Background

Track noise is one of the main issues in the development of railway networks. It is well known that rail dampers, as a cost-effective, passive means of vibration reduction, do reduce the noise; still, neither the mechanism behind their action nor the influential parameters are well understood.

Purpose

The main purpose of this work is to investigate the efficiency and influential parameters of a rail damper design based on a lab-scaled model of the rail-damper system and an accurate FE model.

Methods

Based on experimental and numerical modal analyses and the Modal Assurance Criteria (MAC) analysis, the FE model updating technique was applied to develop a highly accurate FE model of the rail-damper system for the investigated frequency range. In a further step, the developed FE model is used in a parametric analysis to assess various damper parameters with respect to the efficiency of damping rail vibrations and, therewith, radiated noise.

Results

The investigation performed based on FE simulations demonstrates how different material and geometric parameters of the damper influence the mobility decay rate of rail vertical vibrations. The investigated parameters are the thickness of still and rubber layers, stiffness and damping loss factor of rubber layers, and pre-force in the bolts that press the layers together.

Conclusions

It is shown that the FE model updating technique was capable of producing a highly accurate FE model despite the challenging properties of the real structure and that a combination of the lab-scaled model and the FE model represents a cost-effective approach.

中文翻译：

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基于实验室规模模型的铁路减振器设计参数研究

背景

轨道噪声是铁路网络发展中的主要问题之一。众所周知，轨道阻尼器作为一种经济有效的被动减振手段，确实可以降低噪音。但是，它们的作用背后的机制和影响性参数都还不清楚。

目的

这项工作的主要目的是基于实验室减震系统的模型和精确的有限元模型来研究轨道阻尼器设计的效率和影响参数。

方法

在实验和数值模态分析以及模态保证标准（MAC）分析的基础上，应用有限元模型更新技术为所研究的频率范围开发了一种高精度的铁路阻尼器系统有限元模型。在进一步的步骤中，将已开发的有限元模型用于参数分析中，以评估各种阻尼器参数，这些参数涉及阻尼轨道振动以及辐射噪声的效率。

结果

基于有限元模拟的研究表明，减振器的不同材料和几何参数如何影响轨道垂直振动的迁移率衰减率。研究的参数是静止和橡胶层的厚度，橡胶层的刚度和阻尼损耗因子，以及将这些层压在一起的螺栓的预紧力。

结论

结果表明，尽管真实结构具有挑战性，但有限元模型更新技术仍能够生成高精度的有限元模型，并且实验室规模模型和有限元模型的组合代表了一种经济高效的方法。