Abstract

Zinc ions and nano-sized zinc oxide had an embryotoxic effect on the sand dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis (Agassiz, 1864) at concentrations of 50–100 μg/L and completely inhibited larval development at concentrations of 200–400 μg/L. The effective concentrations (ЕС₅₀) that caused disturbances of the fertilizing capacity of sperm and larval development of S. mirabilis were 490 ± 16 and 29 ± 4 μg/L for nano-sized ZnO and 6526 ± 99 and 67 ± 12 μg/L for zinc ions, respectively. Nano-sized ZnO affected the early development of S. mirabilis at lower concentrations than Zn²⁺ ions.

中文翻译：

---

锌离子和纳米级氧化锌对沙钱小S鱼早期发育的毒性作用评估（Agassiz，1864年）（Echinodermata：Echinoidea）

摘要

锌离子和纳米级氧化锌在浓度为50–100μg/ L的沙钱Scaphechinus mirabilis（Agassiz，1864）上具有胚胎毒性作用，在浓度为200–400μg / L时完全抑制幼虫发育。有效浓度（ЕС ₅₀），其的精子和幼虫发育的受精能力的紊乱引起S.杆菌分别为490±16和29±4微克/升的纳米尺寸的ZnO和6526±99和67±12微克/升分别用于锌离子。纳米ZnO以低于Zn ²⁺离子的浓度影响奇异链球菌的早期发育。