This paper investigates square Kufic scripts, a type of architectural decorative art in Islamic culture, as a visual pattern. Considerable research has been carried out previously on the subject, treating the square Kufic scripts as text. In contrast, the visual approach of this paper proposes that the pattern generation in Kufic scripts needs to be investigated. The main contribution of this research is presenting a novel algorithm to create square Kufic patterns that can totally cover a planar shape. In traditional definitions, such a pattern is called mushkil (‘complicated’) being special because of the “readability” of both black and white words, by its own criteria. The design principles implemented in the algorithm are adopted from original written sources. Also, some new principles are proposed here to make up for the limited availability of sources. In comparison to other methods, the proposed method is much simpler and more effective in terms of formal analysis and generation.

中文翻译：

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使用元胞自动机生成方形 Kufic 模式

本文研究了作为视觉图案的伊斯兰文化中的一种建筑装饰艺术类型的方形库法体文字。之前已经对该主题进行了大量研究，将方形库菲文字视为文本。相比之下，本文的视觉方法提出需要研究 Kufic 脚本中的模式生成。这项研究的主要贡献是提出了一种新算法来创建可以完全覆盖平面形状的方形 Kufic 图案。在传统定义中，这种模式被称为 mushkil（“复杂”），因为根据其自身的标准，黑白单词的“可读性”很特别。算法中实现的设计原则来自原始书面资源。还，这里提出了一些新的原则，以弥补资源的有限可用性。与其他方法相比，所提出的方法在形式分析和生成方面更加简单和有效。