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The impact of limited and strategic blood glucose monitoring on metabolic control in a type 1 diabetes clinic in Central India
International Journal of Diabetes in Developing Countries ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s13410-020-00817-4
Caroline S. Zuijdwijk , Sharad Pendsey , James Ron , Graham D. Ogle , Amisha Agarwal , Nick Barrowman , Seema Chalkhore , Sanket Pendsey , Alexandra Ahmet

Background Self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) is an essential component of type 1 diabetes (T1D) management and typically involves several daily tests. However, due to high cost, SMBG supplies are often unavailable in low-resource settings. This study assessed whether the use of two SMBG tests per day improves glycemic control, measured by a change in HbA1c, in youth with T1D followed at the DREAM Trust (DT) in Nagpur, India. Methods Single-site prospective cohort study of youth ≤ 23 years of age with T1D ≥ 1 year followed by DT, who were provided with SMBG meters and two test strips per day. Patients received education regarding SMBG and how to respond to blood glucose values and trends. They were followed every 3 months with HbA1c and questionnaires for a total of 21 months. Results HbA1c declined significantly from 10.2 ± 2.5% (88 ± 4 mmol/mol) at baseline to 9.5 ± 2.4% (80 ± 3 mmol/mol) at 21 months ( p < 0.001). In univariable analysis, change in HbA1c was associated with adherence to insulin dosing, number of patient education sessions, household income, and holding a below the poverty line certificate. In multivariable analysis, only adherence to insulin dosing was a significant predictor for a decrease in HbA1c. There was no increase in diabetes-related acute complications. Conclusions The use of two SMBG test strips per day for the management of T1D in a low-resource setting was safe, and over the 21 months following its introduction, there was a clinically and statistically significant decrease in HbA1c.

中文翻译:

有限和战略性血糖监测对印度中部 1 型糖尿病诊所代谢控制的影响

背景 血糖自我监测 (SMBG) 是 1 型糖尿病 (T1D) 管理的重要组成部分,通常涉及多项日常测试。然而,由于成本高昂,在资源匮乏的环境中,SMBG 供应通常无法获得。这项研究评估了在印度那格浦尔的 DREAM Trust (DT) 跟踪的 T1D 青年中,每天使用两次 SMBG 测试是否可以改善血糖控制(通过 HbA1c 的变化来衡量)。方法 对 ≤ 23 岁、T1D ≥ 1 年、随后接受 DT 的青年进行单点前瞻性队列研究,他们每天提供 SMBG 测量仪和两个试纸。患者接受了关于 SMBG 以及如何对血糖值和趋势做出反应的教育。每 3 个月对他们进行一次 HbA1c 和问卷调查,共 21 个月。结果 HbA1c 从 10.2 ± 2 显着下降。基线时为 5% (88 ± 4 mmol/mol),21 个月时为 9.5 ± 2.4% (80 ± 3 mmol/mol) (p < 0.001)。在单变量分析中,HbA1c 的变化与对胰岛素剂量的依从性、患者教育课程的数量、家庭收入以及持有低于贫困线的证书有关。在多变量分析中,只有坚持胰岛素给药是 HbA1c 降低的重要预测因素。与糖尿病相关的急性并发症没有增加。结论 每天使用两个 SMBG 试纸在资源匮乏的环境中管理 T1D 是安全的,并且在引入后的 21 个月内,HbA1c 的临床和统计学显着下降。HbA1c 的变化与胰岛素剂量的依从性、患者教育课程的数量、家庭收入以及持有低于贫困线的证书有关。在多变量分析中,只有坚持胰岛素给药是 HbA1c 降低的重要预测因素。与糖尿病相关的急性并发症没有增加。结论 每天使用两个 SMBG 试纸在资源匮乏的环境中管理 T1D 是安全的,并且在引入后的 21 个月内,HbA1c 的临床和统计学显着下降。HbA1c 的变化与胰岛素剂量的依从性、患者教育课程的数量、家庭收入以及持有低于贫困线的证书有关。在多变量分析中,只有坚持胰岛素给药是 HbA1c 降低的重要预测因素。与糖尿病相关的急性并发症没有增加。结论 每天使用两个 SMBG 试纸在资源匮乏的环境中管理 T1D 是安全的,并且在引入后的 21 个月内,HbA1c 的临床和统计学显着下降。与糖尿病相关的急性并发症没有增加。结论 每天使用两个 SMBG 试纸在资源匮乏的环境中管理 T1D 是安全的,并且在引入后的 21 个月内,HbA1c 的临床和统计学显着下降。与糖尿病相关的急性并发症没有增加。结论 每天使用两个 SMBG 试纸在资源匮乏的环境中管理 T1D 是安全的,并且在引入后的 21 个月内,HbA1c 的临床和统计学显着下降。
更新日期:2020-05-04
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