Tilletia laevis, common bunt fungus, causes substantial yield and quality losses by forming systemic infection in wheat if seed treatment with fungicides is not practiced. Considering cost and side effects of the chemicals on human and environment, using resistant/tolerant wheat varieties seems to be a sensible approach in the management of common bunt. It is particularly crucial in organic farming. The aim of the study was to examine reactions of registered spring wheat varieties to common bunt, T. laevis. In this respect, a total of 31 spring wheat varieties were tested using artificial inoculations of T. laevis. The experiment was set up using a completely randomized design with three replications in the greenhouse. Agronomic characteristics (plant height, spike length, grain weight and root dry weight) of the plants in inoculated plots were compared with the control (non-inoculated) plants. Depending on variety, T. laevis led to significant (P < 0.01) reductions in all the examined agronomic characteristics. Mean reductions in plant height, spike length, grain weight and root dry weight of all the varieties were 6.47, 6.35, 65.04 and 37.19%, respectively. The highest reductions in plant height (17.84%), spike length (15.31%), grain weight (92.82%) and root dry weight (65.80%) were detected in varieties Seri-2013, Yuregir-89, Kale and Adana-99, respectively. Infection rates ranged from 13.88 to 94.65% among the varieties. As a result, 77.41% of the varieties were very susceptible. Neither resistant nor moderately resistant reaction type to the fungus was found, indicating vulnerability of the spring wheat varieties.

中文翻译：

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春小麦品种对土耳其普通短柄黑粉病（Tilletia laevis）的反应

如果不使用杀菌剂处理种子，Tilletia laevis 是一种常见的黑粉病真菌，会通过在小麦中形成系统感染而导致大量的产量和质量损失。考虑到化学品对人类和环境的成本和副​​作用，使用抗性/耐受性小麦品种似乎是管理普通短打的明智方法。这在有机农业中尤为重要。该研究的目的是检查已注册的春小麦品种对普通短尾黑麦病 T. laevis 的反应。在这方面，使用人工接种 T. laevis 对总共 31 个春小麦品种进行了测试。该实验采用完全随机设计，在温室中重复三次。农艺特性（株高、穗长、将接种地块中植物的粒重和根干重）与对照（未接种）植物进行比较。根据品种的不同，T. laevis 导致所有检查的农艺特性显着降低（P < 0.01）。所有品种的株高、穗长、粒重和根干重的平均下降幅度分别为6.47、6.35、65.04和37.19%。在品种 Seri-2013、Yuregir-89、Kale 和 Adana-99 中检测到的株高 (17.84%)、穗长 (15.31%)、粒重 (92.82%) 和根干重 (65.80%) 降低幅度最大，分别。品种间感染率为13.88%～94.65%。结果，77.41%的品种非常易感。未发现对真菌具有抗性或中度抗性的反应类型，