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Flies improve the salience of iridescent sexual signals by orienting toward the sun
bioRxiv - Animal Behavior and Cognition Pub Date : 2020-05-10 , DOI: 10.1101/2020.05.09.085639
Thomas E. White , Tanya Latty

Sunlight is the ultimate source of most visual signals. Theory predicts strong selection for its effective use during communication, with functional links between signal designs and display behaviours a likely result. This is particularly true for iridescent structural colours, whose moment-to-moment appearance bears a heightened sensitivity to the position of signallers, receivers, and the sun. Here we experimentally tested this prediction using Lispe cana, a muscid fly in which males present their structurally coloured faces and wings to females during ground-based sexual displays. In field-based assays we found that males actively bias the orientation of their displays toward the solar azimuth under conditions of full sunlight and do so across the entire day. This bias breaks down, however, when the sun is naturally concealed by heavy cloud or experimentally obscured. Our modelling of the appearance of male signals revealed clear benefits for the salience of male ornaments, with a roughly four-fold increase in subjective luminance achievable through accurate display orientation. These findings offer fine-scale, causal evidence for the active control of sexual displays to enhance the appearance of iridescent signals. More broadly, they speak to predicted coevolution between dynamic signal designs and presentation behaviours, and support arguments for a richer appreciation of the fluidity of visual communication.

中文翻译:

蝇通过朝向太阳来提高虹彩性信号的显着性

阳光是大多数视觉信号的最终来源。理论预测了在通信过程中有效使用它的强烈选择,信号设计和显示行为之间的功能联系是可能的结果。对于呈彩虹色的结构色尤其如此,其瞬间的外观对信号器,接收器和太阳的位置具有更高的灵敏度。在这里,我们使用Lispe cana实验性地测试了这一预测,一种蝇形蝇,雄性在地面性展示中向雌性展示其结构上彩色的脸和翅膀。在基于野外的实验中,我们发现雄性在充满阳光的情况下会主动将其显示器的方向偏向太阳方位角,并且整天都会这样做。但是,当阳光被厚厚的云层自然遮盖或被实验遮挡时,这种偏见就会消失。我们对男性信号外观的建模揭示了男性装饰品显着性的明显好处,通过精确的显示方向可将主观亮度提高大约四倍。这些发现为主动控制性征以增强虹彩信号的出现提供了精细的因果证据。更广泛地,
更新日期:2020-05-10
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