Abstract The past 35 years has seen an accumulation of empirical evidence suggesting a positive association between greenspace and mental health. Existing reviews of evidence are narrow in scope, and do not adequately represent the broad range of disciplines working in this field. This study is the first systematic map of studies investigating greenspace effects on mental health. A total of 6059 papers were screened for their relevance, 276 of which met inclusion criteria for the systematic map. The map revealed several methodological limitations hindering the practical applications of research findings to public health. Critically, the majority of studies used cross-sectional mental health data which makes causal inference about greenspace effects challenging. There are also few studies on the micro-features that make up greenspaces (i.e., their “quality”), with most focussing only on “quantity” effects on mental health. Moreover, few studies adopted a multi-scale approach, meaning there is little evidence about at which spatial scale(s) the relationship exists. A geographic gap in study location was also identified, with the majority of studies clustered in European countries and the USA. Future research should account for both human and ecological perspectives of “quality” using objective and repeatable measures, and consider the potential of scale-dependent greenspace effects to ensure that management of greenspace is compatible with wider scale biodiversity targets. To establish the greenspace and metal health relationship across a life course, studies should make better use of longitudinal data, as this enables stronger inferences to be made than more commonly used cross-sectional data.

中文翻译：

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探索绿色空间对心理健康影响的系统研究地图

摘要 在过去的 35 年中，积累的经验证据表明绿色空间与心理健康之间存在正相关关系。现有的证据审查范围狭窄，并不能充分代表该领域工作的广泛学科。这项研究是调查绿色空间对心理健康影响的第一个系统性研究地图。共筛选了 6059 篇论文的相关性，其中 276 篇符合系统图的纳入标准。该地图揭示了一些方法上的局限性，阻碍了研究结果在公共卫生方面的实际应用。至关重要的是，大多数研究使用了横断面心理健康数据，这使得关于绿地效应的因果推断具有挑战性。关于构成绿地的微观特征的研究也很少（即，他们的“质量”），大多数只关注对心理健康的“数量”影响。此外，很少有研究采用多尺度方法，这意味着几乎没有证据表明这种关系存在于哪个空间尺度。还确定了研究地点的地理差距，大多数研究集中在欧洲国家和美国。未来的研究应该使用客观和可重复的措施来考虑“质量”的人类和生态视角，并考虑与规模相关的绿地效应的潜力，以确保绿地管理与更广泛的生物多样性目标相兼容。为了建立整个生命过程中绿色空间和金属健康的关系，研究应该更好地利用纵向数据，