ABSTRACT Ridesourcing services such as Uber are nowadays a common feature within available transport options of many cities around the world (E.g. London & San Francisco). There has been much publicity about the potential impacts of ridesourcing services and how (or if) they should be managed or regulated without an objective understanding of who uses these services and why, as well as its current and future implications for public transport (PT). Ridesourcing is part of a broader tech-driven, mobile app-based sharing phenomenon – the ‘sharing economy’ – which has disrupted traditional market models and industries, for example, the transport industry, where new players such as Uber have emerged and have quickly become part of the urban transport landscape. Uber has been at the forefront in disrupting the transport sector since its first launch in 2010 (San Francisco, USA). Since its launch, Uber has generated extensive media coverage and debate among policymakers, transport planners and transport authorities on how these services are affecting traditional transport modes such as buses and taxis. However, without objective empirical data – in terms of impacts on trip making characteristics, PT ridership and congestion – policymakers and transport regulators are yet to fully understand the real impacts ridesourcing services are having on the transport network. This paper is part of broader research that aims to provide insights and empirical-based evidence on how Uber services are used (UberX and Uberpool) in London. A comprehensive survey was undertaken using a detailed questionnaire, issued to UberX and Uberpool users in London to gather detailed data on who uses the Uber services, why they use it and what are the trip purposes, in order to understand Uber user demographics and what effects (if any) Uber services are having on PT usage and trip making characteristics in London. The final findings provide important insights on Uber user demographics, trip purposes, types of trips replaced, impact on car ownership and why travellers use Uber services.

中文翻译：

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优步服务在伦敦的使用情况和用户特征

摘要 Uber 等乘车服务是当今世界上许多城市（例如伦敦和旧金山）的可用交通选择中的一个共同特征。关于乘车服务的潜在影响以及如何（或是否）对其进行管理或监管，而没有客观地了解谁使用这些服务及其原因，以及其对公共交通 (PT) 当前和未来的影响，已经有很多宣传. Ridesourcing 是更广泛的技术驱动的、基于移动应用程序的共享现象——“共享经济”——的一部分，它已经颠覆了传统的市场模式和行业，例如交通行业，其中出现了像优步这样的新参与者并迅速发展成为城市交通景观的一部分。自 2010 年首次推出（美国旧金山）以来，优步一直处于颠覆交通行业的最前沿。自推出以来，优步在政策制定者、交通规划者和交通当局之间引起了广泛的媒体报道和辩论，讨论这些服务如何影响公共汽车和出租车等传统交通方式。然而，由于没有客观的经验数据——在对出行特征、公交乘客量和拥堵的影响方面——政策制定者和交通监管机构尚未完全了解乘车服务对交通网络的真正影响。本文是更广泛研究的一部分，旨在提供有关如何在伦敦使用 Uber 服务（UberX 和 Uberpool）的见解和基于经验的证据。使用详细的问卷进行了全面调查，发给伦敦的 UberX 和 Uberpool 用户，以收集有关谁使用 Uber 服务、他们为什么使用它以及旅行目的是什么的详细数据，以了解 Uber 用户人口统计数据以及 Uber 服务对 PT 的影响（如果有的话）伦敦的使用和旅行特征。最终发现提供了关于优步用户人口统计、旅行目的、替换的旅行类型、对汽车拥有量的影响以及旅行者使用优步服务的原因的重要见解。