The nematicidal efficiency of two types of extracts (aqueous and methanolic) of 5 plants Peganum harmala L., Raphanus raphanistrum L., Taxus baccata L., Sinapis arvensis L., and Ricinus communis L. on second stage juveniles (J2s) of Meloidogyne incognita was evaluated at 4 doses in vitro (40, 50, 60 and 80%) at 4 exposure times (12, 16, 24, and 32 h). In a greenhouse, methanol extracts obtained from 0.75, 1.5, or 3 g of the dry matter of T. baccata, S. arvensis, and P. harmala were added in pots of tomato plants (Moneymaker cultivar) to test the effect of the extracts on the nematode, its reproduction, and the plant’s growth. After 32 h of exposure, the in vitro results on J2s showed that all the aqueous and methanolic extracts of the 5 plants had positive effects on J2 mortality compared to controls; water and DMSO (2%) (dimethyl sulfoxyde). In general, methanolic extracts were significantly more effective than the aqueous ones. Methanolic extracts of T. baccata, P. harmala, and S. arvensis had the highest mortality rates (100, 89.2, 86.6%), respectively, followed by the aqueous extract of T. baccata (73.8%). After 12 days, the hatching inhibition varies between (61.4%) for the aqueous extract of R. communis and (84.2%) for the methanolic extract of T. baccata. The average was significantly different from controls (DMSO 23.8 and water 21.8%) for all extracts. Methanolic extracts were not always significantly different than the aqueous ones. In vivo methanolic extracts of S. arvensis, P. harmala, and T. baccata reduced infestation than the controls. The gall index varied between 3.5 and 5.5 for the extracts than the positive control 6.5. The present study revealed the effectiveness of all tested plant extracts to root-knot nematodes without any chemical inputs.

中文翻译：

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在实验室和温室条件下，本地植物的水和有机提取物对阿尔及利亚根结线虫（Kofoid和White）Chitwood的杀线虫活性

5种植物骆驼gan（Peganum harmala L。），Raphanus raphanistrum L.，Taxus baccata L.，Sinapis arvensis L.和Ricinus communis L.的两种提取物（水和甲醇）对根结线虫第二阶段少年（J2s）的杀线效率在4次暴露时间（12、16、24和32 h）下，以4种剂量（40％，50％，60％和80％）在体外评估了认知障碍。在温室中，将取自0.75、1.5或3 g烟草赤霉菌，欧文氏螺旋藻和南美白对虾的干物质的甲醇提取物添加到番茄盆中（Moneymaker栽培种），以测试提取物的效果线虫的繁殖，繁殖和植物的生长。暴露32小时后，在J2s上的体外结果表明，与对照相比，这5株植物的所有水和甲醇提取物对J2的死亡率均具有积极的影响。水和DMSO（2％）（二甲亚砜）。通常，甲醇提取物比水性提取物有效得多。巴氏杆菌，非洲烟草和欧文链球菌的甲醇提取物死亡率最高（分别为100、89.2、86.6％），其次是巴氏杆菌的水提物（73.8％）。12天后，孵化抑制作用在R. communis的水提物和（T. baccata）的甲醇提物之间为（81.4％）。所有提取物的平均值均与对照（DMSO 23.8和水21.8％）显着不同。甲醇提取物并非总是与水性提取物显着不同。与对照相比，S。arvensis，P。harmala和T. baccata的体内甲醇提取物减少了侵扰。提取物的胆汁指数在3.5和5.5之间变化，而阳性对照为6.5。