The Egyptian clover L. is a winter season leguminous forage that supports a great diversity of insect pest populations in the Northern Indian Plains. In the context of evolving non-chemical approach for pest control, different trap crops viz. marigold, Tagetes erecta: chickpea, Cicer arietinum L.; and sunflower, Helianthus annuus, were planted as border rows around the clover plots to trap lepidopteran larvae. The push and pull strategy was further augmented by the help of neem seed kernel extract (NSKE) 3% spray on the main crop. Services of insectivorous birds were utilized through T-shaped bird perches for feeding on lepidopteran larvae. The lowest larval population of Helicoverpa armigera (2.29 individuals/m row length) was recorded in the plots with the trap crops such as marigold and bird perches, and those that received neem insecticidal sprays which indicated the decrease of larval population due to the repellant action of neem gave (75.8%) a reduction in larval population than the sole cropped plots, followed by chickpea (2.58 larvae; 72.8%) reduction in larval population and sunflower (3.53 larvae; 63%). Sunflower recorded the highest number of H. armigera population, at flowering stage of berseem which depicted the suitability of sunflower for the attractiveness of low number of the larvae (2.75 larvae/m row length) on berseem. The plots with berseem as a sole crop without any control measure exhibited significantly high H. armigera larvae (12.95 larvae per meter row length). The fecundity of pod borer on different trap crops revealed the highest fecundity population (7.25 larvae) of Helicoverpa on either chickpea or sunflower as trap crops. During the vegetative phase of berseem and the flowering stage of marigold and sunflower, these were recorded as favorable hosts. The highest green fodder yield (GFY; 1115 q/ha) was recorded in plots sown with marigold as the trap crop and with bird perches and in plots that received NSKE sprays as compared to sole cropped plots (700 q/ha). The data on seed yield also revealed superiority of berseem plots with sunflower, as a trap crop, and also a high parasitization by parasitoids.

中文翻译：

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在埃及三叶草（Trifolium alexandrinum L.）中通过圈套作物和鸟类栖息来限制鳞翅目食草动物

埃及三叶草L.是冬季豆科牧草，可为北印度平原的害虫种群提供多种支持。在不断发展的非化学方法控制病虫害的背景下，不同的诱集作物也就是。万寿菊，万寿菊：鹰嘴豆，Acerinum L .；向日葵和向日葵，作为三叶草田地的边界行种植，以捕捞鳞翅目幼虫。印crop籽仁提取物（NSKE）在主季作物上施以3％的喷雾，进一步提高了推拉策略。食虫性鸟类的服务通过T形鸟类栖息处来捕食鳞翅目幼虫。在该地块上记录了最低的棉铃虫幼虫种群（2.29个体/米行长），其中包括万寿菊和鸟类栖息地等圈套作物，那些接受印em杀虫喷雾剂的昆虫表明，由于印em的排斥作用导致幼虫种群减少，与单独种植的田地相比，幼虫种群减少了（75.8％），其次是鹰嘴豆（2.58幼虫； 72.8％）减少了幼虫。数量和向日葵（3.53幼虫； 63％）。向日葵在菊苣开花期记录的棉铃虫种群数量最多，这说明向日葵对菊苣中低数量幼虫（2.75个幼虫/米行长）的吸引力具有适宜性。在没有任何控制措施的情况下，以berseem为唯一作物的地块表现出明显较高的棉铃虫幼虫（每米行长12.95幼虫）。荚trap在不同诱集作物上的繁殖力表明繁殖力最高（7。25幼虫）在鹰嘴豆或向日葵上作为陷阱作物的Helicoverpa。在berseem的营养阶段以及万寿菊和向日葵的开花期，这些被记录为有利寄主。与万寿菊（700 q / ha）相比，在以万寿菊为圈套和鸟类栖息的地块以及接受NSKE喷雾的地块中，最高绿色饲料产量（GFY; 1115 q / ha）。种子产量的数据还显示了以向日葵为诱集作物的berseem地块的优越性，并且被寄生物高度寄生。在以万寿菊为诱捕作物和鸟类栖息地的地块以及接受NSKE喷洒的地块（单独种植的地块）（700 q / ha）下记录了1115 q / ha）。种子产量的数据还显示了以向日葵为诱集作物的berseem地块的优越性，并且被寄生物高度寄生。在以万寿菊为诱捕作物和鸟类栖息地的地块以及接受NSKE喷洒的地块（单独种植的地块）（700 q / ha）下记录了1115 q / ha）。种子产量的数据还显示了以向日葵为诱集作物的berseem地块的优越性，并且被寄生物高度寄生。