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Integrated crop–livestock systems in lowlands increase the availability of nutrients to irrigated rice
Land Degradation & Development ( IF 4.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-11 , DOI: 10.1002/ldr.3653
Filipe Selau Carlos 1 , Luiz Gustavo de Oliveira Denardin 2 , Amanda Posselt Martins 2 , Ibanor Anghinoni 2 , Paulo Cesar de Faccio Carvalho 2 , Iuri Rossi 3 , Marina Patel Buchain 3 , Tiago Cereza 3 , Felipe de Campos Carmona 2 , Flávio Anastácio de Oliveira Camargo 2
Affiliation  

Integrated crop–livestock systems (ICLS) associated with crop rotation and soil conservation management cause numerous changes in nutrient fluxes and soil biochemical dynamics. In this sense, there is a gap in the impact of integrated production systems on nutrient dynamics and soil microbial activity in lowlands. In this context, this work had the objective of evaluating the nutrient availability and the activity of extracellular enzymes in a Gleyic Luvic Planosol under ICLS. The experiment has five paddy‐farming systems with a range of crop diversity (both in time and space) and grazing occurring mainly in the winter season. Soil solution samples were taken in cropping seasons (2014/2015, 2015/2016, and 2016/2017), from the first day after flooding (DAF) to approximately 70 DAF. The integration of rice with livestock increased urease activity (+84%), β‐glucosidase (+49%), and fluorescein diacetate (+105%), especially as the level of diversification and use intensification of pastures. In general, there was an increase in the availability of ammonium (+70%), phosphorus (+177%), potassium (+62%), and calcium (+20%) in the soil solution with the adoption of ICLS and soil conservation management, compared with the traditional rice system. Thus, the adoption of ICLS contributes to increase the process of biochemical functioning of the soil with consequent intensification of nutrient cycling and availability. Thus, the ICLS can sustainably increase nutrient availability in the soil and reduce the need to feed large amounts of fertilizer into irrigated rice production systems.

中文翻译:

低地的农作物-畜牧综合系统增加了灌溉水稻的养分利用率

与农作物轮作和土壤保持管理相关的农作物-畜牧综合系统(ICLS)导致养分通量和土壤生化动力学的许多变化。从这个意义上讲,综合生产系统对低地养分动态和土壤微生物活动的影响存在差距。在这种情况下,这项工作的目的是评估在ICLS条件下,Gleyic Luvic Planosol中的养分利用率和细胞外酶的活性。该实验有五个稻田-农作系统,其作物多样性(时空)和放牧主要发生在冬季。从水灾后的第一天(DAF)到大约70 DAF,在收获季节(2014 / 2015、2015 / 2016和2016/2017)采集土壤溶液样品。水稻与牲畜的融合提高了脲酶活性(+84%),β-葡萄糖苷酶(+ 49%)和荧光素二乙酸酯(+ 105%),特别是随着牧场的多样化和使用强度的提高。总体而言,采用ICLS和土壤处理后,土壤溶液中铵(+ 70%),磷(+ 177%),钾(+ 62%)和钙(+ 20%)的可用性增加养护管理与传统稻作制度相比。因此,采用ICLS有助于增加土壤的生化功能过程,从而加剧了养分循环和可利用性。因此,ICLS可以持续增加土壤中的养分利用率,并减少了向灌溉水稻生产系统中饲喂大量肥料的需求。和二乙酸荧光素(+ 105%),尤其是在牧场的多样化程度和使用强度方面。总体而言,采用ICLS和土壤处理后,土壤溶液中铵(+ 70%),磷(+ 177%),钾(+ 62%)和钙(+ 20%)的可用性增加养护管理与传统稻作制度相比。因此,采用ICLS有助于增加土壤的生化功能过程,从而加剧了养分循环和可利用性。因此,ICLS可以持续增加土壤中的养分利用率,并减少了向灌溉水稻生产系统中饲喂大量肥料的需求。和二乙酸荧光素(+ 105%),尤其是在牧场的多样化程度和使用强度方面。总体而言,采用ICLS和土壤处理后,土壤溶液中铵(+ 70%),磷(+ 177%),钾(+ 62%)和钙(+ 20%)的可用性增加养护管理与传统稻作制度相比。因此,采用ICLS有助于增加土壤的生化功能过程,从而加剧了养分循环和可利用性。因此,ICLS可以持续增加土壤中的养分利用率,并减少了向灌溉水稻生产系统中饲喂大量肥料的需求。通过采用ICLS和土壤保持管理,土壤溶液中铵(+ 70%),磷(+ 177%),钾(+ 62%)和钙(+ 20%)的可用性增加,与传统的稻米系统相比。因此,采用ICLS有助于增加土壤的生化功能过程,从而加剧了养分循环和可利用性。因此,ICLS可以持续增加土壤中的养分利用率,并减少了向灌溉水稻生产系统中饲喂大量肥料的需求。通过采用ICLS和土壤保持管理,土壤溶液中铵(+ 70%),磷(+ 177%),钾(+ 62%)和钙(+ 20%)的可用性增加,与传统的稻米系统相比。因此,采用ICLS有助于增加土壤的生化功能过程,从而加剧了养分循环和可利用性。因此,ICLS可以持续增加土壤中的养分利用率,并减少了向灌溉水稻生产系统中饲喂大量肥料的需求。采用ICLS有助于增加土壤的生化功能过程,从而加剧了养分循环和可利用性。因此,ICLS可以持续增加土壤中的养分利用率,并减少了向灌溉水稻生产系统中饲喂大量肥料的需求。采用ICLS有助于增加土壤的生化功能过程,从而加剧了养分循环和可利用性。因此,ICLS可以持续增加土壤中的养分利用率,并减少了向灌溉水稻生产系统中饲喂大量肥料的需求。
更新日期:2020-05-11
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