Pain is the most common symptom reported in clinical practice, meaning that it is associated with many pathologies as either the origin or a consequence of other illnesses. Furthermore, pain is a complex emotional and sensorial experience, as the correspondence between pain and body damage varies considerably. While these issues are widely acknowledged in clinical pain research, until recently they have not been extensively considered when exploring animal models, important tools for understanding pain pathophysiology. Interestingly, chronic pain is currently considered a risk factor to suffer psychiatric disorders, mainly stress-related disorders like anxiety and depression. Conversely, pain appears to be altered in many psychiatric disorders, such as depression, anxiety and schizophrenia. Thus, pain and psychiatric disorders have been linked in epidemiological and clinical terms, although the neurobiological mechanisms involved in this pathological bidirectional relationship remain unclear. Here we review the evidence obtained from animal models about the co-morbidity of pain and psychiatric disorders, placing special emphasis on the different dimensions of pain.

疼痛是临床实践中最常见的症状，这意味着它与许多病理相关，无论是其他疾病的起源还是结果。此外，疼痛是一种复杂的情感和感觉体验，因为疼痛与身体损害之间的对应关系差异很大。尽管这些问题在临床疼痛研究中得到了广泛认可，但是直到最近，在探索动物模型（了解疼痛病理生理学的重要工具）时还没有对其进行广泛考虑。有趣的是，慢性疼痛目前被认为是患精神病的危险因素，主要是与压力有关的疾病，如焦虑和抑郁。相反，在许多精神疾病中，如抑郁症，焦虑症和精神分裂症，疼痛似乎有所改变。从而，疼痛和精神疾病已在流行病学和临床方面联系在一起，尽管尚不清楚这种病理学双向关系中涉及的神经生物学机制。在这里，我们回顾了从动物模型中获得的有关疼痛和精神病合并症的证据，特别强调了疼痛的不同方面。