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Behavioral, neurobiological, and neurochemical mechanisms of ethanol self-administration: A translational review.
Pharmacology & Therapeutics ( IF 13.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-11 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107573
Ashley A Vena 1 , Shannon L Zandy 2 , Roberto U Cofresí 3 , Rueben A Gonzales 4
Affiliation  

Alcohol use disorder has multiple characteristics including excessive ethanol consumption, impaired control over drinking behaviors, craving and withdrawal symptoms, compulsive seeking behaviors, and is considered a chronic condition. Relapse is common. Determining the neurobiological targets of ethanol and the adaptations induced by chronic ethanol exposure is critical to understanding the clinical manifestation of alcohol use disorders, the mechanisms underlying the various features of the disorder, and for informing medication development. In the present review, we discuss ethanol's interactions with a variety of neurotransmitter systems, summarizing findings from preclinical and translational studies to highlight recent progress in the field. We then describe animal models of ethanol self-administration, emphasizing the value, limitations, and validity of commonly used models. Lastly, we summarize the behavioral changes induced by chronic ethanol self-administration, with an emphasis on cue-elicited behavior, the role of ethanol-related memories, and the emergence of habitual ethanol seeking behavior.

中文翻译:

乙醇自我管理的行为、神经生物学和神经化学机制:翻译评论。

酒精使用障碍具有多种特征,包括过量饮酒、对饮酒行为的控制受损、渴望和戒断症状、强迫性寻求行为,被认为是一种慢性病。复发很常见。确定乙醇的神经生物学目标和长期接触乙醇引起的适应对于了解酒精使用障碍的临床表现、该障碍各种特征的潜在机制以及为药物开发提供信息至关重要。在本综述中,我们讨论了乙醇与各种神经递质系统的相互作用,总结了临床前和转化研究的发现,以突出该领域的最新进展。然后我们描述了乙醇自我给药的动物模型,强调了价值、局限性、和常用模型的有效性。最后,我们总结了慢性乙醇自我管理引起的行为变化,重点是线索诱发行为、乙醇相关记忆的作用以及习惯性乙醇寻求行为的出现。
更新日期:2020-05-11
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