Pregnancy in CKD is a condition fraught with challenges including multiple medications, high-risk pregnancy followed by maternal and fetal compromise such as preterm delivery, and low birth weight infant. Breastfeeding is unique in its impact on the mother and the baby, their bonding, and future health implications impacting the society. Breast milk is produced specific for the infant by the biological mother. It changes in composition with lactation stage and leads to optimal growth of the baby including establishing circadian rhythms, getting protective antibodies, and establishing a healthy gut microbiome. Multiple hormones influence the composition of the milk. Lactation is maintained by removal of the milk. Blood-milk barrier allows for the specific composition of milk by transporting different sized molecules through different mechanisms. It is safe to assume that most medications will be found in some amount in human milk; however, the impact of that is usually not enough to justify stopping breastfeeding. When the mother's milk is not available, formula or donor milk can be considered. There are resources to guide the use of medications during lactation that the providers should be aware of and use, to guide medication and breastfeeding recommendations.

CKD 妊娠是一种充满挑战的疾病，包括多种药物、高危妊娠以及早产和低出生体重婴儿等母婴危害。母乳喂养的独特之处在于它对母婴的影响、他们之间的联系以及对社会的未来健康影响。母乳是由亲生母亲专门为婴儿生产的。它的组成会随着泌乳阶段而变化，并导致婴儿的最佳生长，包括建立昼夜节律、获得保护性抗体和建立健康的肠道微生物组。多种激素会影响牛奶的成分。通过去除乳汁维持泌乳。血-奶屏障通过不同的机制运输不同大小的分子，从而允许牛奶的特定成分。可以安全地假设，大多数药物都存在于人乳中。然而，这种影响通常不足以证明停止母乳喂养是合理的。当没有母乳时，可以考虑配方奶或捐赠奶。有一些资源可以指导哺乳期药物的使用，提供者应该了解和使用这些资源，以指导药物治疗和母乳喂养建议。