OBJECTIVE Post-stroke paralysis is a common contributor to deep vein thrombosis (DVT) of the lower extremities, but little is known about its epidemiology and anatomy. This prospective study aimed to investigate the clinical incidence and anatomical distribution of lower-extremity DVT in acute stroke. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 679 patients diagnosed with acute stroke (ischemic stroke, n = 507; hemorrhagic stroke, n = 172) were enrolled. Lower-extremity DVT was evaluated using vascular ultrasonography, and classified into three subtypes: central type, peripheral type and mixed type. Then, the incidence and anatomical distribution of DVT were analyzed. RESULTS For patients with ischemic stroke, a total of 107 patients (21.1%) were affected by DVT, and 119 extremities were found with DVT, which included 114 extremities with peripheral-type DVT and five extremities with mixed-type DVT. For patients with hemorrhagic stroke, a total of 49 patients (28.5%) were affected by DVT, and 55 extremities were found with DVT, which included 51 extremities with peripheral-type DVT and four extremities with mixed-type DVT. The incidence of DVT was significantly higher in patients with hemorrhagic stroke than in patients with ischemic stroke (P < 0.05). Intermuscular veins were the most commonly affected (96.6%), followed by peroneal veins (15.5%), posterior tibial veins (9.2%), popliteal veins (4.0%), and femoral veins (4.0%). There was no significant difference in the anatomical distribution of DVT between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION DVT is a common complication of acute stroke, and hemorrhagic stroke is associated with a higher incidence of DVT. The anatomical distribution of DVT revealed no heterogeneity between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, and isolated DVT in intermuscular veins were the most common.

中文翻译：

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急性中风患者下肢深静脉血栓形成的解剖分布。

目的卒中后瘫痪是下肢深静脉血栓形成（DVT）的常见原因，但对其流行病学和解剖学知之甚少。这项前瞻性研究旨在调查急性卒中下肢深静脉血栓的临床发病率和解剖分布。患者与方法共有679名被诊断为急性中风（缺血性中风，n = 507；出血性中风，n = 172）的患者入组。下肢深静脉血栓使用血管超声检查评估，分为三类：中心型，周围型和混合型。然后，分析了DVT的发生率和解剖分布。结果对于缺血性中风患者，共有107例患者（占21.1％）受DVT影响，发现119肢患有DVT，其中包括114例末梢型DVT和5例末梢型DVT。对于出血性中风患者，共有49例患者（28.5％）受DVT影响，发现55例DVT肢体，其中51例肢体型DVT肢体和4例混合型DVT肢体。出血性中风患者的DVT发生率明显高于缺血性中风患者（P <0.05）。肌间静脉受累最严重（96.6％），其次是腓骨静脉（15.5％），胫骨后静脉（9.2％），pop静脉（4.0％）和股静脉（4.0％）。在缺血性和出血性中风之间，DVT的解剖分布没有显着差异（P> 0.05）。结论DVT是急性中风的常见并发症，出血性中风与DVT的发生率更高有关。DVT的解剖学分布显示缺血性和出血性中风之间没有异质性，而肌间静脉中孤立的DVT最常见。