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Epidemiology of Bovine Trypanosomosis and Vector Distribution in Didessa River Basin, Ethiopia.
Acta Parasitologica ( IF 1.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-11 , DOI: 10.2478/s11686-020-00214-1
Behablom Meharenet 1 , Tekalegn Desta 1 , Kumela Lelisa 1 , Mintesnot Tsegaye 1 , Desta Jula 1
Affiliation  

Back ground

Tsetse-transmitted trypanosomosis much depends on the distribution and capacity of Glossina species responsible for transmission.

Method

A cross-sectional study based on parasitological and entomological studies was conducted from October to June 2018 to determine the epidemiology, distribution, and magnitude of the vector, the disease and Analyze associated risk factors.

Results

Based on implemented entomological study, Didessa river basin has a total apparent fly density of 5.33 Fly/Trap/Day (FTD); similarly, Glossina species accounted about 4.04 and 1.29 were other biting flies (Stomoxys and Tabanus). The composition of Glossina species identified in the study were 3335 (98.56%) Glossina tachinoides and 49 (1.44%) Glossina fuscipes. Comparatively higher and lower FTD found in altitude ranges from 1317 m above sea-level Bedele District (FTD = 5.19) and 1334 m above sea-level Boracha District (FTD = 1.88). Furthermore, from the total of n = 1517, local breeds of cattle examined for the infection of parasite and 82 cattle were found infected with an overall prevalence of 5.41%. The resulted overall prevalence was composed of Trypanosome congolense and Trypanosome vivax, 59 (3.89%) and 23 (1.52%), respectively. Among studied Districts; Goma, Limukosa, Limuseka, Bedele, Boracha, and Gechi prevalence of bovine trypanosomosis was 6.56%, 6.48%, 7.56%, 3.56%, 6.71%, and 1.60%, respectively. Based on parasitological study, statistically significant prevalence was demonstrated between Districts of Limuseka 7.56% and Gechi 1.60% with highest and lowest, respectively. During the early dry season, the prevalence of Trypanosome vivax 0.53% was significantly lower than that of late rainy season 0.99%; however, the higher number of Trypanosome congolense 2.44% resulted during the late rainy season. The study also demonstrated that trypanosomosis strongly causes anemia with mean pcv of infected cattle 20.93 ± 3.93 and non-infected cattle 26.74 ± 3.81 (Mean pcv ± SD) with 95% CI, Pr (T > t) = 0.0000. Moreover, trypanosomosis-related anemia was highly associated with T. congolense with mean pcv result of 18.80 ± 4.66 [mean pcv ± SD, Pr (T > t) = 0.0000] when compared with T. vivax 27.53 ± 4.47 (Mean pcv ± SD, Pr (T > t) = 0.6222).

Conclusion

Finally, the research demonstrated the new local demographic occurrence of G.f. fuscipes in the Didessa river basin which was not reported by other studies so far, therefore, the current finding invites further studies and investigations.


中文翻译:

埃塞俄比亚迪德萨河流域牛锥虫病的流行病学和病媒分布。

背景

采采蝇传播的锥虫病很大程度上取决于负责传播的舌蝇属物种的分布和能力。

方法

一项基于寄生虫学和昆虫学研究的横断面研究于 2018 年 10 月至 2018 年 6 月进行,以确定媒介、疾病的流行病学、分布和规模,并分析相关风险因素。

结果

根据实施的昆虫学研究,迪德萨河流域的总表观苍蝇密度为 5.33 苍蝇/诱捕器/天 (FTD);同样,舌蝇种占 4.04 种,其他叮咬蝇类(StomoxysTabanus)占 1.29 种。研究中确定的舌螟属物种组成为3335种(98.56%)舌螈和 49 种(1.44%)绦虫在海拔 1317 m 的 Bedele 区 (FTD = 5.19) 和海拔 1334 m 的 Boracha 区 (FTD = 1.88) 的海拔范围内发现了相对较高和较低的 FTD。此外,从总数n = 1517,对当地品种的牛进行了寄生虫感染检查,发现 82 头牛被感染,总患病率为 5.41%。结果总体流行率由刚果锥虫和间日锥虫组成分别59 例(3.89%)和 23 例(1.52%)。在研究区中;Goma、Limukosa、Limuseka、Bedele、Boracha和Gechi的牛锥虫病患病率分别为6.56%、6.48%、7.56%、3.56%、6.71%和1.60%。根据寄生虫学研究,Limuseka 7.56% 和 Gechi 1.60% 的地区之间的流行率分别最高和最低,具有统计学意义。在旱季初期,间日锥虫流行0.53%明显低于雨季末期的0.99%;然而,在雨季后期,刚果锥虫的数量较高,为2.44%。该研究还表明,锥虫病强烈导致贫血,感染牛的平均 pcv 为 20.93 ± 3.93,未感染牛的平均 pcv 为 26.74 ± 3.81(平均 pcv ± SD),CI 为 95%,Pr ( T  >  t ) = 0.0000。此外,锥虫病相关性贫血与刚果锥虫高度相关,与间日锥虫27.53 ±  4.47  (平均pcv ± SD , Pr ( T  >  t ) = 0.6222)。

结论

最后,该研究证明了迪德萨河流域 Gf fuscipes 新的当地人口统计学发生,这是迄今为止其他研究未报道的,因此,目前的发现需要进一步的研究和调查。
更新日期:2020-05-11
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