Background

Acromegaly is a rare disease resulting in clinical sequelae with significant morbidity and mortality due to the central tumor mass effect and prolonged growth hormone (GH) hypersecretion.

Objectives

The goal is to describe the epidemiology, clinical features, presence of comorbidities, and treatment outcomes of acromegaly in Saudi Arabia.

Methods

Data was collected through a retrospective review of the charts of all patients diagnosed with acromegaly from nine major hospitals in Saudi Arabia over a period of more than 25 years.

Results

A total of 195 patients (116 males and 79 females), with a mean age at diagnosis of 43 ± 12 (males) and 46 ± 14 years (females), from nine major hospitals were identified and included in the analysis. All cases were caused by pituitary adenomas, of which 92.4% were macroadenomas. Headache, coarse facial features, acral growth, and sweating/oily skin were by far the most frequent presenting complaints. The most common comorbidities were diabetes mellitus (51.7%), followed by hypertension (50%) and visual field defect (30.5%). The vast majority (95%) of patients were treated surgically (98%). Twenty-four percent also received radiotherapy, and 74.4% received medical therapy. When stringent criteria were applied for assessment of outcomes of therapy, 28.7% of the patients were cured and 30.1% had their disease under control, while 28.7% were found to have active disease despite receiving multimodal therapy.

Conclusions

Our findings highlight the need for a national acromegaly registry to enable early identification, evaluation, and selection of the best therapeutic approaches to improve the outcome and remission rate of the disease.

中文翻译：

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沙特阿拉伯肢端肥大症患者的临床特征和治疗结果：回顾性分析。

背景

肢端肥大症是一种罕见的疾病，由于中央的肿瘤块效应和长期的生长激素（GH）过度分泌，导致临床后遗症，具有很高的发病率和死亡率。

目标

目的是描述沙特阿拉伯肢端肥大症的流行病学，临床特征，合并症的存在和治疗结果。

方法

通过对沙特阿拉伯9所主要医院25年来诊断为肢端肥大症的所有患者的图表进行回顾性回顾，收集数据。

结果

鉴定了来自九家大型医院的195例患者（116例男性和79例女性），诊断时的平均年龄为43±12岁（男性）和46±14岁（女性）。所有病例均由垂体腺瘤引起，其中92.4％为大腺瘤。迄今为止，头痛，面部粗大特征，肢端生长和出汗/油性皮肤是最常见的主诉。最常见的合并症是糖尿病（51.7％），其次是高血压（50％）和视野缺损（30.5％）。绝大多数（95％）患者接受了手术治疗（98％）。24％的人还接受了放射治疗，而74.4％的人接受了药物治疗。当采用严格的标准评估治疗效果时，治愈的患者占28.7％，疾病得到控制的占30.1％，而28位患者。

结论

我们的研究结果突出表明，需要建立全国性肢端肥大症注册中心，以便尽早识别，评估和选择最佳治疗方法，以改善疾病的结果和缓解率。