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Post-event misinformation effects in a language-trained chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes).
Animal Cognition ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-09 , DOI: 10.1007/s10071-020-01391-2
Brielle T James 1, 2 , Mackenzie F Webster 1, 2 , Charles R Menzel 1 , Will Whitham 1, 2 , Michael J Beran 1, 2
Affiliation  

Errors of source monitoring are widespread human memory challenges, and our memories are subject to distortion upon the presentation of subsequent misinformation. Less is known about if and when misinformation effects occur in nonhuman species’ memory. Here we tested a symbol-trained chimpanzee’s recall memory of a hidden food item’s identity after a 10-min delay. During this delay, the subject was sometimes (depending on the condition) shown consistent or inconsistent video information about the identity of the food, before being asked to name the item to a second experimenter blind to the reward and condition. Across all conditions, our subject, Sherman, correctly named the food item at above chance levels. In the Inconsistent condition, in which Sherman was shown a video with misleading information, his performance was the worst of all conditions (although accuracy was still high). Interestingly, however, during three of the four trials in this condition in which Sherman made a mistake, he incorrectly named the food item shown during the misleading video information. These results provide evidence that chimpanzees, like humans, may be vulnerable to misinformation effects, even when that misleading information is presented in a different modality (video) than the original live event memory, demonstrating further commonality between human and ape memory systems.

中文翻译:

事件发生后的误导信息在受过语言训练的黑猩猩(Pan穴居人)中发生。

源监视的错误是人类记忆中普遍存在的挑战,我们的记忆在出现后续错误信息时会受到扭曲。对于在非人类物种的记忆中是否以及何时发生错误信息影响知之甚少。在这里,我们测试了经过符号训练的黑猩猩在回想10分钟后对召回隐藏食品的记忆。在此延迟期间,有时(根据条件而定)向受试者显示有关食物身份的视频信息一致或不一致,然后才要求将其命名给对奖励和条件不了解的第二位实验者。在所有情况下,我们的受试者谢尔曼都以高于偶然的机会正确地命名了食品。在不一致的情况下,向谢尔曼展示了一个带有误导性信息的视频,他的表现是所有条件下最差的(尽管准确性仍然很高)。但是,有趣的是,在这种情况下四次试验中的三次,在这种情况下,Sherman犯了一个错误,他错误地命名了在误导性视频信息中显示的食品。这些结果提供了证据,证明黑猩猩像人类一样容易受到错误信息的影响,即使该误导性信息以与原始现场事件记忆不同的方式(视频)呈现,也证明了人类和猿类记忆系统之间的进一步共性。
更新日期:2020-05-09
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