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Densely sampled phylogenetic analyses of the Lesser Short‐toed Lark ( Alaudala rufescens ) — Sand Lark ( A. raytal ) species complex (Aves, Passeriformes) reveal cryptic diversity
Zoologica Scripta ( IF 2.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-05-08 , DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12422
Fatemeh Ghorbani 1 , Mansour Aliabadian 1, 2 , Ruiying Zhang 3 , Martin Irestedt 4 , Yan Hao 3 , Gombobaatar Sundev 5 , Fumin Lei 3 , Ming Ma 6 , Urban Olsson 7, 8 , Per Alström 3, 9
Affiliation  

The taxonomy of the Lesser/Asian Short‐toed Lark Alaudala rufescens–cheleensis complex has been debated for decades, mainly because of minor morphological differentiation among the taxa within the complex, and different interpretations of the geographical pattern of morphological characters among different authors. In addition, there have been few studies based on non‐morphological traits. It has recently been suggested based on a molecular study of the lark family Alaudidae that the Sand Lark A. raytal is nested within this complex. We here analysed mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) from 130 individuals across the range of this complex (hereafter called Alaudala rufescens–raytal complex), representing all except two of the 18 currently recognized subspecies. We also analysed 11 nuclear markers from a subsample of these individuals, representing all of the clades found in the cyt b tree. Five primary clades were recovered, which confirmed that A. raytal is nested within this complex. Divergence time estimates among these five clades ranged from 1.76 to 3.16 million years (my; 95% highest posterior density [HPD] 1.0–4.51 my) or 1.99–2.53 my (95% HPD 0.96–4.3 my) in different analyses. Only four of the currently recognized subspecies were recovered as monophyletic in the cyt b tree. Our results call for a taxonomic revision, and we tentatively suggest that at least four species should be recognized, although we stress the need for an approach integrating molecular, morphological and other data that are not yet available.

中文翻译:

小短趾百灵 (Alaudala rufescens) — 沙百灵 (A. raytal) 物种复合体 (Aves, Passeriformes) 的密集采样系统发育分析揭示了神秘的多样性

小/亚洲短趾云雀 Alaudala rufescens-cheleensis 复合体的分类学已经争论了几十年,主要是因为复合体内分类群之间的微小形态差异,以及不同作者对形态特征的地理模式的不同解释。此外,很少有基于非形态特征的研究。最近根据对百灵科 Alaudidae 的分子研究提出,沙百灵 A. raytal 嵌套在这个复合体中。我们在这里分析了来自该复合体(以下称为 Alaudala rufescens-raytal 复合体)范围内的 130 个个体的线粒体细胞色素 b (cyt b),代表除目前公认的 18 个亚种中的两个之外的所有个体。我们还分析了这些个体的子样本中的 11 个核标记,代表在 cyt b 树中发现的所有进化枝。发现了五个主要进化枝,这证实了 A. raytal 嵌套在这个复合体中。在不同的分析中,这五个进化枝之间的分歧时间估计范围为 176 至 316 万年(my;95% 最高后密度 [HPD] 1.0–4.51 my)或 1.99–2.53 my(95% HPD 0.96–4.3 my)。目前公认的亚种中只有四个在细胞色素 b 树中作为单系被恢复。我们的结果要求进行分类学修订,我们暂时建议至少应识别四个物种,尽管我们强调需要一种整合尚不可用的分子、形态学和其他数据的方法。在不同的分析中,这五个进化枝之间的分歧时间估计范围为 176 至 316 万年(my;95% 最高后密度 [HPD] 1.0–4.51 my)或 1.99–2.53 my(95% HPD 0.96–4.3 my)。目前公认的亚种中只有四个在细胞色素 b 树中作为单系被恢复。我们的结果要求进行分类学修订,我们暂时建议至少应识别四个物种,尽管我们强调需要一种整合尚不可用的分子、形态学和其他数据的方法。在不同的分析中,这五个进化枝之间的分歧时间估计范围为 176 至 316 万年(my;95% 最高后密度 [HPD] 1.0–4.51 my)或 1.99–2.53 my(95% HPD 0.96–4.3 my)。目前公认的亚种中只有四个在细胞色素 b 树中作为单系被恢复。我们的结果要求进行分类学修订,我们暂时建议至少应识别四个物种,尽管我们强调需要一种整合尚不可用的分子、形态学和其他数据的方法。
更新日期:2020-05-08
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