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Selection of ideotype to increase yield potential of GM and non-GM rice cultivars
Plant Science ( IF 5.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-08-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110519
Salman Dastan 1 , Behzad Ghareyazie 1 , Jaime A Teixeira da Silva 2
Affiliation  

Using classical breeding, plant breeders envision a plant type whose yield they aim to enhance by selecting for individual traits to create model/ideal plants or ideotypes. To achieve this, those factors restricting yield need to be identified and controlled through the use of new technologies to achieve the desired ideotype. This study aimed to determine the ideotype of seven genetically modified (GM) and non-GM rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars. Field experiments were carried out in three isolated regions in the north of Iran under the Iranian bio-safety standard protocol. Four of the GM cultivars carried the cry1Ab gene in the vegetative stage while three non-GM cultivars served as the control. R2 values showed that five, six and seven variables in Sari, Amol and Rasht regions accounted for 63 %, 52 % and 74 % of paddy yield variation, respectively. In the same three regions, paddy yield variation due to white heads accounted for 28.38 %, 8.45 % and 3.95 % of the total variation in paddy yield, respectively. The total estimated variation in paddy yield in Sari, Amol and Rasht was 1810.50, 2377.6 and 2176.47 kg ha-1, respectively. Average data over the three regions indicated that highest loss in paddy yield was observed in non-GM 'Nemat', 'Khazar' and 'Tarom Hashemi'. GM cultivars derived from 'Khazar' showed significantly lower paddy yield loss than the non-GM parent. Dead heart, a condition that occurs in the vegetative stage in which the stem borer larva enters the stem and feeds on the growing shoot, causing the central shoot to dry, as well as white heads, which is a condition in which whole ear heads of adult plants become dry and yield chaffy grains, in all three regions were important variables contributing to paddy yield loss. In the future, producing GM rice resistant to striped stem borer with an active promoter in the reproductive growth stage might allow farmers to reduce a significant part of paddy yield loss resulting from white heads, which is directly negatively correlated with filled spikelets per panicle (R2 = -0.57**), in order to achieve an ideotype.

中文翻译:

选择基因型以提高转基因和非转基因水稻品种的产量潜力

使用经典育种,植物育种者设想一种植物类型,他们旨在通过选择个体性状来创建模型/理想植物或意识形态来提高其产量。为了实现这一目标,需要通过使用新技术来识别和控制那些限制产量的因素,以实现所需的意识形态。本研究旨在确定七种转基因 (GM) 和非转基因水稻 (Oryza sativa L.) 栽培品种的基因型。根据伊朗生物安全标准协议,在伊朗北部的三个偏远地区进行了田间试验。四个转基因品种在营养阶段携带了cry1Ab基因,而三个非转基因品种作为对照。R2 值显示 Sari、Amol 和 Rasht 地区的 5、6 和 7 个变量占水稻产量变化的 63%、52% 和 74%,分别。在相同的三个地区,白头引起的水稻产量变异分别占水稻总产量变异的 28.38%、8.45% 和 3.95%。Sari、Amol 和 Rasht 水稻产量的总估计变化分别为 1810.50、2377.6 和 2176.47 kg ha-1。三个地区的平均数据表明,在非转基因“Nemat”、“Khazar”和“Tarom Hashemi”中观察到的水稻产量损失最大。来自“Khazar”的转基因品种的水稻产量损失显着低于非转基因亲本。死心,在营养阶段发生的一种情况,螟虫幼虫进入茎并以生长的枝条为食,导致中央枝条干燥,以及白头,这是成年植物的整个穗头变干并产生谷粒的条件,在所有三个区域中都是导致水稻产量损失的重要变量。未来,在生殖生长阶段生产具有活性启动子的抗条纹螟的转基因水稻可能会让农民减少很大一部分因白穗造成的水稻产量损失,这与每穗饱满的小穗直接负相关(R2 = -0.57**),以实现理想型。
更新日期:2020-08-01
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