With the increasing demand for environmental wind information in many engineering fields, self-powered wind detection (SWD) by harvesting ambient wind energy has become the focus of contemporary research. This study proposes a hybrid triboelectric-electromagnetic generator (HTEG) for SWD. The HTEG consists of a rolling free-standing mode triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) and an electromagnetic generator (EMG). The rolling element material and number of magnets have distinct influences on the output voltage and current of the TENG and EMG. Under a rotating speed of 300 r/min, the root mean square (RMS) power density of the TENG became approximately 3 μW/g, and that of EMG was approximately 10 μW/g. The RMS values of the TENG output current and EMG output voltage were utilized as wind speed detection indicators. A variable wind speed test was carried out to verify the feasibility of the HTEG for wind speed detection. By preserving one magnet and aligning it with a wind vane, the structure of the EMG was slightly adjusted for wind direction detection. A series of variable wind direction tests were conducted to show that the wind direction could be detected by synchronously observing the changes in the induction voltages of the eight coils of the EMG. Load capacitance charging and continuous operation tests were also carried out respectively to illustrate the self-power capability and reliability of the HTEG. By assembling two HTEGs back-to-back on the bracket, an SWD prototype that can monitor wind speed and direction simultaneously was achieved and applied in an actual environment. The results showed that the proposed HTEG has good prospects for engineering applications.

随着许多工程领域对环境风信息的需求不断增长，通过收集环境风能的自供电风检测（SWD）已成为当代研究的重点。这项研究提出了一种用于SWD的混合摩擦电磁发生器（HTEG）。HTEG由滚动式独立式摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）和电磁发电机（EMG）组成。滚动元件的材料和磁体的数量对TENG和EMG的输出电压和电流有明显的影响。在300 r / min的转速下，TENG的均方根（RMS）功率密度约为3μW/ g，而EMG的均方根功率密度约为10μW/ g。TENG输出电流和EMG输出电压的RMS值用作风速检测指标。进行了可变风速测试，以验证HTEG用于风速检测的可行性。通过保留一个磁铁并将其与风向标对齐，可以对EMG的结构进行一些调整，以进行风向检测。进行了一系列可变风向测试，表明可以通过同步观察EMG八个线圈的感应电压的变化来检测风向。还分别进行了负载电容充电和连续运行测试，以说明HTEG的自供电能力和可靠性。通过将两个HTEG背靠背组装在支架上，可以同时监视风速和风向的SWD原型得以实现并应用于实际环境。