Additive manufacturing (AM) of lightweight and energy-efficient composites using continuous carbon fibers and thermosetting polymers offers great opportunities for advancing composite manufacturing with design flexibility, reliability, and repeatability. However, to date there have been few AM techniques reported to process continuous fiber-reinforced thermosetting composites. Here, we report a dynamic capillary-driven AM approach with a controllable viscosity and degree of curing of polymer to enable its fast and near-simultaneous infusion and curing to implement in situ solidification of composites into arbitrary shapes. Using the technique, we developed a robotic system consisting of a uniquely designed printing head and an automated robot arm, yielding a 3D printer that enables us to print a composite on 2D and 3D substrates or in free space. The printed composite had high fiber volume fraction (58.6%) and degree of curing (95%) with high mechanical strength (810 MPa) and modulus (108 GPa).

使用连续碳纤维和热固性聚合物的轻质节能复合材料的增材制造（AM）为设计，提高灵活性，可靠性和可重复性的复合材料制造提供了巨大的机会。但是，迄今为止，很少有AM技术用于处理连续纤维增强的热固性复合材料。在这里，我们报告了一种动态毛细管驱动的AM方法，该方法具有可控制的粘度和聚合物的固化程度，以使其能够快速，近乎同时注入和固化，就地实施将复合材料固化成任意形状。使用该技术，我们开发了由独特设计的打印头和自动机械臂组成的机器人系统，从而产生了3D打印机，使我们能够在2D和3D基板上或自由空间中打印复合材料。印刷的复合材料具有高的纤维体积分数（58.6％）和固化度（95％），以及高的机械强度（810MPa）和模量（108GPa）。