Volcanoes in the East Asian/Pacific region have been the source of some of the largest magnitude eruptions during the Late Quaternary, and accurately evaluating their eruptive histories is essential for hazard assessments. To overcome difficulties in resolving and precisely dating eruptions in the near‐source realm, the high‐resolution (varved) sediments of Lake Suigetsu (central Honshu, Japan) were examined for the presence of non‐visible (cryptotephra) layers from 50 ka up until the 30 ka Aira‐Tanzawa (AT) caldera‐forming event of Aira volcano. Cryptotephra layers are four times more frequently preserved than visible markers in the Suigetsu sediments, meaning that this archive provides a unique and unprecedented record of eruptions that were dispersed over the densely populated regions of central Honshu. Major and trace element volcanic glass chemistry is used to fingerprint the ash layers and pinpoint their volcanic origin. Tephras are found throughout the investigated sediments, but the highest abundance of ash fall events are recorded between 39 and 30 ka, capturing a period of intense volcanism at calderas on Kyushu Island (Japan). The augmented Suigetsu tephrostratigraphy records at least seven eruptions from Aso caldera (southern Kyushu) that post‐date the widespread ACP‐4 Plinian eruption (ca. 50 ka) and four explosive events from Aira (central Kyushu) that occurred leading up to the catastrophic caldera‐forming AT eruption (ca. 30 ka).

中文翻译：

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50至30 ka之间的日本麻生太郎和Aira Calderas爆发性火山爆发时间的限制：Suigetsu湖沉积记录（SG14核心）的新见解

东亚/太平洋地区的火山是第四纪晚期爆发的一些最大规模的火山的源头，因此准确评估其火山爆发历史对于评估危害至关重要。为了克服在近源范围内解决和精确定年喷发的困难，对Suigetsu湖（日本本州中部）的高分辨率（裂谷）沉积物进行了检查，确定了从50 ka以上的不可见（隐伏岩层）存在直到发生30 ka Aira火山的Aira-Tanzawa（AT）破火山口事件为止。隐岩层的保存频率是Suigetsu沉积物中可见标记的四倍，这意味着该档案馆提供了一次独特的空前记录，记录了散布在本州中部人口稠密地区的喷发。主要和微量元素的火山​​玻璃化学物质可用于识别灰分层并查明其火山成因。在整个被调查的沉积物中都发现了特非拉斯，但记录到的最高的灰烬下降事件发生在39至30 ka之间，捕获了九州岛（日本）火山口的强烈火山活动。增强的Suigetsu断层地层记录了至少7次来自于Aso破火山口（九州南部）的喷发，该喷发发生在广泛的ACP-4普利尼山喷发（约50 ka）之后，还有Aira（九州中部）的四起爆炸事件。形成火山口的AT喷发（约30 ka）。但是记录到的最高的落灰事件发生在39到30 ka之间，捕获了九州岛（日本）火山口的强烈火山活动。增强的Suigetsu断层地层记录了至少7次来自于Aso破火山口（九州南部）的喷发，该喷发发生在广泛的ACP-4普利尼山喷发（约50 ka）之后，还有Aira（九州中部）的四起爆炸事件。形成火山口的AT喷发（约30 ka）。但是记录到的最高的落灰事件发生在39到30 ka之间，捕获了九州岛（日本）火山口的强烈火山活动。增强的Suigetsu断层地层记录了至少7次来自于Aso破火山口（九州南部）的喷发，该喷发发生在广泛的ACP-4普利尼山喷发（约50 ka）之后，还有Aira（九州中部）的四起爆炸事件。形成火山口的AT喷发（约30 ka）。