Forest fires have increased in frequency worldwide due to global warming, drought, and land-use change. These fire-regime changes have altered the dynamics of deadwood accumulation in forests, which can affect biological communities dependent on this resource. We analyzed the effect of high-severity fire events on saproxylic beetle assemblages, which specialize in using deadwood that accumulates after disturbances. We compared assemblages in sites severely burned in 2002 to those in unburned sites in Chilean Araucaria–Nothofagus forests. Insects were collected using window-interception traps from spring 2017 to summer 2018. Rarefaction–interpolation curves revealed a significant decrease in diversity as a result of fire. Permutational multivariate analysis of variance showed a significant effect of fire on insect community structure. In addition, we observed that species turnover contributing most, and nestedness to a lesser extent, to differences in ß-diversity between burned and unburned sites. Species replacement was associated with an increase in abundance of xylophagous (deadwood feeders) and a decrease in abundance of mycophagous (fungivorous) insects with fire. Therefore, our results suggest that fire causes a reduction in diversity while benefiting the abundance of xylophagous beetles in Araucaria–Nothofagus forests. We recommend the use of these insects as an evaluation tool in conservation planning, management practices, and ecological restoration efforts in burned forests in southern Chile.

中文翻译：

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南洋杉-Nothofagus 森林发生严重火灾后腐木甲虫组合的多样性丧失和变化

由于全球变暖、干旱和土地利用变化，世界范围内森林火灾的频率增加。这些火势变化改变了森林中枯木积累的动态，这会影响依赖这种资源的生物群落。我们分析了高强度火灾事件对腐木甲虫组合的影响，这些组合专门使用干扰后积累的枯木。我们比较了 2002 年严重烧毁地点的组合与智利南洋杉-Nothofagus 森林中未烧毁地点的组合。从 2017 年春季到 2018 年夏季，使用窗户拦截陷阱收集昆虫。稀疏-插值曲线显示，由于火灾，多样性显着下降。排列多变量方差分析表明，火灾对昆虫群落结构有显着影响。此外，我们观察到物种周转对燃烧和未燃烧地点之间的 ß 多样性差异的影响最大，而嵌套的影响程度较小。物种更换与食木类（死木饲养者）的丰度增加和食真菌（食真菌）昆虫的丰度减少有关。因此，我们的研究结果表明，火灾导致多样性减少，同时有利于南洋杉-Nothofagus 森林中木食甲虫的丰富。我们建议在智利南部被烧毁的森林中使用这些昆虫作为保护规划、管理实践和生态恢复工作的评估工具。物种更换与食木类（死木饲养者）的丰度增加和食真菌（食真菌）昆虫的丰度减少有关。因此，我们的研究结果表明，火灾导致多样性减少，同时有利于南洋杉-Nothofagus 森林中木食甲虫的丰富。我们建议在智利南部被烧毁的森林中使用这些昆虫作为保护规划、管理实践和生态恢复工作的评估工具。物种更换与食木类（死木饲养者）的丰度增加和食真菌（食真菌）昆虫的丰度减少有关。因此，我们的研究结果表明，火灾导致多样性减少，同时有利于南洋杉-Nothofagus 森林中木食甲虫的丰富。我们建议在智利南部被烧毁的森林中使用这些昆虫作为保护规划、管理实践和生态恢复工作的评估工具。